L3-B: How cells harvest chemical energy
Terms
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BREATHING
VS
CELLULAR RESPIRATION -
BREATHING: BRINGS O2 TO CELLS FOR CELLULAR RESPIRATION
CELLULAR RESPIREATION: TAKES ORGANIC FULES LIKE SUGAR AND OXIDIZES THEM TO YIELD CO2 AND H20 PLUS ENERGY STORED IN BONDS OF ATP
C6-H12-O6 + 6O2 ---> 6CO2 + 6H20 + ATPs - KILOCALORIES
- UNITS OF ENERGY
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OXIDATION
VS
REDUCTION -
LOSS OF ELECTRONS FROM MOLECULUE (LOSS OF H)
VS
GAIN OF ELECTRONS BY MOLECULES (ADD H) - REDOX REACTIONS
- COUPLED OXIDATION AND REDUCTION REACTIONS
- NAD
- HYDROGEN CARRIER THAT SHUTTLE ELECTRONS DURING REDOC REACTIONS
- ELECTRON TRANSPORT CHAIN
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NAD SHUTTLES ELECTRONS FROM GLUCOSE TO CHAINS WHICH GIVE OFF ENERGY THAT IS EVENTUALLY STORED AS ATP
ABOUT 34 ATPs ARE GENERAL - CHEMIOSMOSIS
- MAJOR SOURCE OF ENERGY (ATP) GENERATION
- TWO WAYS ATP IS GENERATED
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CHEMIOSMOSIS
SUBSTRATE-LEVEL PHOSPHORILATION - 3 STAGES OF CEULLULAR RESPIRATION
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- GLYCOLYSIS
- KREBS CYCLE
- ELECTRON TRANSPORT CHAIN - GLYCOLYSIS
- 2 ATPS AND 2 NADHs
- KREBS CYCLE
- MAKES 2 ATPs, 12 NADPHs AND 4 FADH2s
- FERMENTATION
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TAKES PLACE WHEN THERE IS NOT OXYGEN
2 TYPES
- ALCOHOLIC
- LACTIC ACID