ITGS
Terms
undefined, object
copy deck
- accept input from the outside world
- input devices
- send information to the outside world
- output devices
- (CPU) the computer's brain, processes information, performs calculations and makes basic decisions by comparing information values
- microprocessor
- random access memeory-used to store data/information
- RAM
- the smallest unit of information a computer can process; can only have 2 values, o and 1
- bit
- collection of 8 bits (can represent 256 different messages)
- byte
- a system that denotes all numbers with combinations of 2 digits
- binary number system
- American Standard Code for Information Interchange-represents each character as a unique 8-bit code
- ASCII
- a coding scheme that supports 65,000 unique characters
- unicode
- 1000 bytes of information
- kilobyte
- about 1,000 KB or 1 million bytes
- megabyte
- about 1,000 MB
- gigabyte
- about 1 million MB
- terabyte
- about 1,024 terabytes
- petabyte
- the circuit board that contains a computer's CPU
- motherboard
- the timing device that produces electrical pulses to synchronize the computer's opperation
- internal clock
- a computer's click is measured in these (for billions of cycles per second)
- gigahertz
- a computer that emply's two microprocessors to improve overall performance
- multiprocessing / parrallel processing
- the computer can only read the information
- nonvolatile memory (ROM)
- external devices
- peripherals
- data processing, in which a number of inputs are grouped together to be processed at the same time
- batch processing
- an area where the collection of information is organized for access
- centralized database
- data that has several parts that can be divided into fields
- computed fields
- the process of searching for large volumes of data
- data mining
- collects, integrates, and stores data
- data warehouse
- a program that creates a collection of data
- database program
- data that is misleading or incorrect, or outdated
- dirty data
- it is for creating, storing, analyzing, and managing data
- geographic information syster (GIS)
- to bring in data / download
- import data
- it is for creating, storing, analyzing, and managing personal data
- personal information system (PIS)
- computer languaged used when creating information systems
- query language
- time outside (in the world) most computers can send emails in _______ _______ (quicker than mail
- real time
- a document that registers data
- record
- takes data and you can get just what you want
- report
- according to the fourth admendment of the United States Constitution, everyone has a right to their property...and no thing can be seized without a warrant
- right to privacy
- when you want the computer to find somthing specific
- search
- a query language for relational databasesa
- SQL
- set of data in a database, also means a showing of information
- table
- processing through interaction between computers (happens in real time)
- interactive processing
- to search for a certain type of information from a database
- browse
- connection between server and user
- client/server
- cleaning up a database, by removing old or wrong information
- data scrubbing/data cleansing
- a collection of information stored in computers/machines
- database
- programs designed to manage and organize large quanities of information
- database management system (DBMS)
- database that shares its files with several computer networks
- distributed database
- sinding or transferring data pieces to another program
- export data
- chunks of information that makes up the record of data
- field
- programs designed to managed and to organize files
- file manager
- a name or a code that identifies a person or a machine
- identity
- how it processes objects such as images instead of just data
- object-oriented processing
- things that are kept from others. Only certain information can be read by other people
- privacy
- matching data information that share commonalities in their fields and combine them
- record matching
- a program that allows correction/change of information in a database easier, it links files together so that changes made in one of them will automatically be made in all other files as well
- relational database
- searching for specific records in a database, that meet the criteria the user asks for
- select (records)
- organizing data alphabetically or numerically
- sort
- related to data/ when a user whats to show data on a web page
- XML
- an information request
- query
- establishing the users identity beyond reasonable doubt
- authenticity
- the diminishing importance of geographic, political, economic, and cultural boundaries
- globalization and cultural diversity
- the operation of hardware, the design of software, the accuracy of data or the correspondence of data with the real world
- reliability
- ideas, discoveries, writings, works of art, software, collections, and presentations of data
- intellectual property
- the correspondence of data with itself, at its creation
- integrity
- offering universal right to use information, regardless of distance, age, race, gender, or other personal characteristics
- equality of access
- the protections of hardware, software, machines, and networkds from unauthorized access, alteration or destruction
- security
- the interactioin of humans with IT hardware raises kinds of issues
- people and machines
- IT improves reliability, accuracy, and speed of systems
- control
- enforceable measures intended to promote appropriate use
- policies and standards
- the ability of individuals and groups to determine for themselves when, how, and to what extent information about themselves is shared with others
- privacy