Chapter 8: Backbone Networks
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- What are 2 types of bridges?
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1. Simple bridge
2. Learning bridge (similar to a layer-2 switch) - What layer to bridges operate at?
- Data link layer
- What layer do routers operate at?
- Network layer
- What are the 4 basic types of backbone networks that can be mixed together?
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1. Routed backbones
2. Bridged backbones
3. Collapsed backbones
4. Virtual LANs - What are the 3 backbone architecture layers?
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1. Access layer (LAN)
2. Distribution layer (usually within one building)
3. Core layer (building to building) - Routed backbones move packets using...
- network layer addresses
- Bridged backbones move packets using...
- data link layer addresses
- What type of topology do routed backbones use?
- Bus topology
- What type of topology do bridged backbones use?
- Bus topology
- What type of topology do collapsed backbones use?
- Star topology
- Rack-based backbones collapse the backbone into a single room called...
- A main distribution facility (MDF)
- Devices in a main distribution facility are connected using...
- Patch cables
- What are the 2 basic designs of a virtual LAN?
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1. Single switch
2. Multi-switch - What 4 ways are computers assigned to individual VLANs in a single switch VLAN?
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1. Port-based VLANs
2. MAC-based VLANs (advantage when moved)
3. IP-based VLANs (advantage when moved)
4. Application-based VLANs - What is FDDI?
- Fiber Distributed Data Interface (operates at 100 Mbs)
- What topology does FDDI use?
- It uses a physical and logical ring topology (self healing rings)
- What 4 ways does ATM differ from Switched Ethernet?
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1. ATM uses small, fixed-length packets of 53 bytes
2. ATM provides no error correction along the way
3. ATM uses virtual channels instead of fixed addresses
4. ATM prioritizes based on QoS - What are the two types of ATM virtual circuits?
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1. Permanent virtual circuits (PVCs)
2. Switched virtual circuits (SVCs) (deleted after completed) - What are 2 methods of translating ethernet frames before sending over an ATM network?
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1. LAN Encapsulation (LANE)
2. Multiprotocol Over ATM (MPOA) - What characteristics would be included in the "ideal" backbone?
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1. Combined use of layer 2 and layer 3 switches
2. Access layer uses 10/100 layer 2 switches
3. Distribution layer uses layer 2 switches with 10BaseT or Fiber
4. Core layer uses layer 3 switches
5. Redundant switches and cabling