Dental Technician, Vol 1
Terms
undefined, object
copy deck
- What is Pharmacology?
- The basic medical science that deals with the study of drugs.
- What is dosage?
- The amount of medication to be administered.
- Dosage is listed as ___________ and are known as ___________.
-
Therapeutic Dose
"Usual adult dose" - The Therapeutic Dose is also referred to as?
-
1. Normal adult Dose
2. The usual Dose
3. Average Dose - What is Dosage range?
- Applies to the range beteeen the MINIMUM amount of the drug and the MAXIMUM amount of the drug required to produce the desired effect.
- What is a TOXIC dose?
- The amount of a drug that will produce symptoms of poisoning.
- What is a MINIMUM LETHAL Dose?
- The least amount of a drug that can produce death.
- What two factors determine the influence of a dose?
- Age and weight.
- What is the most common factor which influences the amount of the drug to be given?
- AGE.
- Who are more susceptible to drug action?
-
INFANTS
CHILDREN
ELDERLY - What are the methods of administration of drugs?
-
PARENTERNAL
ORAL
INHALATION
TOPICAL - Infiltration is?
- A method of administering drugs. It is commonly used to anesthetize maxillary teeth.
- What is a block?
- The most effective means to achive anesthesia of the mandibular teeth.
- What is another name for a mandibular block?
- Inferior Alveolar Nerve Block
- What is Periodontal Ligmment injection?
- Can be used nstead of Infiltration Injection. The needle is placed directly into the peridontal Ligament along the side of the tooth. Solution is deposited under pressure. PAINFUL!!!!!
- Another route closely associated with oral is?
- SUBLINGUAL
- What are the three types of Inhalation?
-
Vaporization
Nebulization
Gas Inhalation - What is BUMEDINST 6710.67?
- Guidance to DTF for the administration of outpatient anesthetic services in IV sedation to dental patients
- What is BUMEDINST 6710.68
- Guidance to DTF for the administration of Nitrous oxide (N2O-O2)
- What is the most common type of gas inhalation?
- Nirtous Oxide Sedation.
- What us the defination of a drug?
- Any chemical substance which has an effect on living tissue but is not used for food.
- What are the classifications of drugs?
-
General
Chemical
Theapeutic - General Drugs Are?
- Grouped according to source, whether animal, vegetable, or mineral in composition.
- Chemical Drugs are?
- Medications are grouped by chemical characteristics. e.g. acids, bases or salts.
-
Therapeutic (PHARMACOLOGICAL)
drugs? - Classified according to action on the body.
- Drugs classifications can be further divided into?
- CONTROLLED AND NONCONTROLLED.
- Non Controlled drugs are?
- Non prescription, over the counter drugs.
- Controlled drugs are?
- Prescription drugs which have the potential for abuse.
- Controlled drugs are characterized into_______schedules
- FIVE
- Acids
- Very caustic and present a sour taste
- Emollients
- Blan or fatty acids that may be applied to the skin to make it more pliable and soft.
- Examples of Emmollients?
-
Cocoa Butter (Theobroma Oil)
Petrolatum - These drugs and chemicals are primary intendd for the preventions of infections by destroying microorganisms or preventing their growth.
-
Desinfectants
Antiseptics
Germicides - Chemical Compounds which stop the growth of or desrtoy different types of bacteria and other microorganisms
- ANTIBIOTICS
- Patients having history of infective endocarditis, rheumatic heart disease, artifical heart valves are prescribed?
-
Antibiotics.
Large dose before treatment; smaller dose 6 hours after inital dose. - What is one of the most important anitbiotics?
-
PENICILLIN
One of the most effective abd least toxic antimicrobial agents - A group of antibiotics that are structurally and pharmacologically related to?
- PENICILLIN
- Tetracyclines?
- Introduced in 1948, were the first truly broad spectrum antibiotics. Not given to women and children. Discolouration of teeth and slows bone marrow growth.
- Erythromycin
- Has a bitter taste and is destroyed by gastric acids. Drug of choice when pencillin is contraindicated
- Drugs that relieve pain without producing unconsciousness or imparing mental capacities
- ANALGESICS
- What drug(s) lowers increased body temperature?
- ANTIPYRETICS
- What is the ECONOMICAL, ANALGESICS,ANTIPYRETIC and ANTI-INFLAMMATORY agent used for mild to moderate pain?
- ASPRIN!!!!!
- This drug is not given to third trimester patients or anyone with history of gastrointestinal bleeding.
- IBUPROFEN
- The most important of the Alkaloid-based drugs are?
- MORPHINE and CODEINE
-
This drug is indicated for the reliefe of severe pain
and used preoperatively to sedate patients, treat myocardial infractions and is used in casualty care? - MORPHINE SULFATE
- What drug has 1/6 the analgesic power and 1/4 of the respiratory depressent of Morphine
- CODENIE SULFATE
- Waht is MEPERIDINE HYDROCHLORIDE?
- DEMEROL. Synthetic anagesic similar to Morphine.
- What drug is used primarily in casualty care?
- AMYL NITRATE
- This drug is indicated for the treatment and management of acute and chronic angina pectoris
- NITROGLYCERINE
- Vasoconstrictors
- These drugs produce constriction of the blood vessels with consequent rise in blood pressure.
- Dentistry uses of epinephrine
- To help control diffuse bleeding and can be used to treat severe allergic reactions such as anaphylatic shock.
- Hemostatics
- Any agents, mechanical or chemical, that arrest bleeding.
- Anticoagulants
- A group of drugs which delay or prevent blood coagulation. A commonly used one in dentistry is heparin sodium.
- Anesthesia
- A partial or total absence of sensation to stimuli, such as cold, heat, or painful irritation.
- Forms of dental anesthesia
- Gas, local and topical to control pain and relax patients.
- Nitrous oxide sedation
- Most commonly used gas in dentistry.
- Inhalation sedation mixture
-
40% nitrous oxide/60% oxygen.
(N20-02)delivered through a gas machine to produce a conscious sedation. - Advantages of N20-02
-
Rapid onset of action
Good control of the depth of sedation
Rapid and complete recovery - Local anesthetics
- Temporarily prevent the conduction of sensory impulses such as pain, touch, and thermal changes from a body part along nerve pathways to the brain.
- Amides
- Organic compounds derived from ammonia. Some examples are lidocaine, bupivacaine and mepivacaine.
- Esters
- Compounds formed derived from alcohols and acids by the removal of water. Some examples are procaine and propoxycaine.
-
2% Lidocaine hydrochloride
2% Mepivacaine - The two most common local anesthetics used in dentistry.