Jesus the Christ
Terms
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- John
- 90-110 wrote to Jewish intellectual
- entrance into Jerusalem
- Jesus came in on a donkey; symbolizes kingliness
- Jesus as a preacher
- preaches about God and the kingdom of God; love & foregiveness
- Role of Elijah
- he returns before the Messiah can exist
- Seder
- the symbollic meal
- Jesus-Jerusalem
- major city at time of Jesus; center of political and religious life
- Q source
- Quelle-unkown source
- Ebionite (Jewish)
- L said Jesus was Messiah but not son of God so he was not equal with Yahweh
- Matthew
- 70-80 wrote to Jewish converts
- Jesus-Nazareth
- Village where Jesus was born and raised; simple, communal lifestyle - Jesus could have learned compassion here
- Jesus & women
- treated women as equals, "first feminist"
- Scribes
- theologians and master teachers of time period; attempted to trick Jesus in debate
- Discipleship
- needed to be willing to leave everything behind and follow him
- Passover
- holiday
- Sadducess (Sanhedrin)
- wealthy, appointed by the Romas and were in charge of the Temple; were devoted to the Torah but obejcted oral tradition; very materialist. most contrasted from jesus
- Jesus as logos
- understanding Jesus as the word of God
- Essenes
- broke away from Judaism because they thought it was corrupt so Jesus never came into contact with this group ; you had to be perfect so this group did not appeal to jesus
- Temple Action
- Jesus flipped over tables in Temple, he was criticizing the ways Jews worshiped sacrifice in the Temple
- Moral Implications
- need to have unconditional love and foregiveness to others, if youre loving you wont do bad things and you will have to change your ways, preferential option for the poor because they need more help
- Jesus as a healer
- one had to have faith for a healing to occur; Jesus did not believe that if you were sick you had sinned; 2 aspects of healing= physical and spiritual
- occupiers of Israel
- Assyrians, Babylonians, Persians, Greeks, Romans
- greek understanding
- principal of order
- Adoptionism
- L Jesus was the adopted son of God
- high christology
- developed in alexandria, emphasizes divinity of Jesus
- Monophocite
- H Jesus has one will that is divine
- low Christology
- developed in Antioch, emphasizes the humanity
- Jesus as a tekton
- carpenter, handyman
- Nestorianism
- neither L nor H claimed Jesus was both fully human and divine but the 2 natures did not interact with each other
- prosopon/persona
- properties of each nature of Jesus come together to form one person (prosopon)
- Chalcedon
- 451 combats Monophocite; said Jesus has more than 1 will because he had 2 natures linked together
- Expectation for a Mesiah
- the one anointed by God; a new great king similar to David that would defeat the Romans and win independence but Jesus did not fit this description
- low heresy
- focuses on Jesus' humanity and rejects divinity
- Mark
- 60-65 wrote to a persecuted Christian community in Rome
- 2nd quest (1901)
- Alber Schweitzer said Jesus was heroic but a deluded preacher and died hoping his death would usher in the kingdom
- Pharisees
- in charge of synagogues; believed in life after death and oral tradition-- most common to Jesus
- 63 BC
- Jews were taken over by Romans
- Atonement
- Jesus' death gets us at one with God again; he pays for our sins
- Table Fellowship
- jesus ate with sinners, prostitutes
- socio-political situation in 1st century Palestine
- (6-4) BC Jesus was first born while Jews were occupied by Romans and everyone wanted freedom
- Ephesus
- 431 combats Nestorian heresy; said 2 natures do interact--developed theotokos= godbearer
- Redemption
- Jesus' death makes human beings good; we are now redeemable in the eys of God-our sins can be forgiven
- 3rd quest (1980)
- Edward Schillebeek- said you must understand Jesus' background ( the life of a Palestinian Jew) to understand Jesus
- Justification
- through Jesus' death and resurrection, human beings are made right with God
- Satisfaction
- developed by St. Anslem; death of Jesus satisfies God's infinite anger
- Parables
- he taught using a story with deeper meaning
- Ransom
- is death is paying back for our salvation
- Luke
- 75-85 wrote to poor gentile converts
- Monarchianism
- H focuses on one rule of God and unity of Jesus as God
- Constantinople
- 381 developed trinity
- Jesus as a teacher
- his major point of teaching was what he learned from experience of God as Abba-said treat others as you would want to be treated; taught from his own insight
- Jesus-Palestine
- hebrews built glorious kingdom that then became oppressed country with hostility towards the corrupt Jewish rulers (Herodian family)
- miracles
- demonstrated God's power, made kingodom of God present
- high heresy
- focuses on Jesus' divinity and rejects humanity
- Jewish understanding
- creative principle
- Kingdom of God
- reversal of fortune; those who were poor will be rich right relationships
- trinity
- 3 persons, 1 nature of God (substentia) made up of: Father, son, holy spirit
- 2 source/synoptic theory
- Mark and Q (means source) if there is a story in MT MK LK then it comes from Mark; if there is a story in Mt and Lk but not Mk it comes from Q
- 1st quest (1694)
- H.S. Reimarus- said Jesus was a failed revolutionary and his followers made up stories about him in attempts to start a religious movement
- ousia/subsistentia
- substance, Jesus is born from the substance of the God but is not of the same essence
- Liberation
- jesus as a liberator; he liberates us from our sins and social political injustice
- Jesus-Galilee
- province, area of Jesus' ministry; spent most of life here as a carpenter
- Arianism
- L claims Arius is the first son of God; Jesus is the first creation but not son of God
- 587
- Temple destroyed
- Nicea
- 325, Arian called by emperor Constantine to combat Arianism; said that Jesus was equal to God-> homo ousia (same substance/nature)
- Gnosticism
- H one needs secret knowledge to understand Jesus; believed spritual was holy and physical was corrupt
- purpose of Jesus' ministry
- Love God with all your heart, mind, soul, and love your neighbor and thyself
- Zealots
- extremists in terms of freedoms and used violent means to overthrow the gov't; rejected any cooperation with the Romans; opposed because of their violent methods
- Judaic Timeline
- 3 kings of monarch-Saul (1020-1000), David (1000-961), Solomon (961-920)