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Micro - Respiratory System

Terms

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Type of Cartilage Nasal Septum is made of
HYALINE CARTILAGE
General Layers of All Conducting Airways
(1) Mucosa - Epithelium and Lamina Propria (2) Submucosa - CT, Support elements (bone, cartilage, SM) (3) Adventitia - outermost layer of CT (on areas not immediately resting on bone)
Classification of Cells in Respiratory Mucosa. 5 Cell Types found
PSEUDOSTRATIFIED COLUMNAR EPITHELIUM (1) Ciliated (2) Goblet (3) Brush (4) Basal (5) Small Granule
Difference b/w OLFACTORY and RESPIRATORY epithelium
Olfactory - (1) Thicker (2) More Nuclei (3) NO GOBLET CELLS
Difference b/w OLFACTORY AND RESPIRATORY Lamina Propria
OLFACTORY -Bowman's glands - tubuloalveolar serous glands -Olfactory Nerve - large diameter unmyelinated axons RESPIRATORY - Highly vascular - Seromucous Glands - Cavernous Erectile Tissue
Found in deep levels of lamina propria in Respiratory mucosa that serve to (1) Warm incoming air (2) Block passage of air in response to irritation
CAVERNOUS ERECTILE TISSUE
Type of cells lining Nasopharynx
MOSTLY - Psedostratified columnar epithelium POSTERIOR PHARYNGEAL WAL - Stratified Columnar - Stratified Squamous
Cell type that lines -EPIGLOTTIS -LARYNX -VENTRICULAR FOLDS -VOCAL FOLD
-STRATIFIED SQUAMOUS EPI -PSEUDOSTRATIFIED AND CILIATED EPI -PSEUDOSTRATIFIED COLUMNAR EPITHELIUM -STRATIFIED SQUAMOUS EPITHELIUM
C-Shaped rings in Trachea are part of what layer and what type of cartilage is it made of?
-ADVENTITIA -HYALINE CARTILAGE
Which bronchi supplies bronchopulmonary segments?
TERTIARY BRONCHI
What comprises BRONCHIAL FLUID?
1) Mucins 2) Serum Proteins 3) Secretory IgA 4) IgM 5) Lactoferrin
Types of cells found in wall of Terminal Bronchioles
1) CILIATED CUBOIDAL EPITHELIUM 2) CLARA CELLS
T or F Goblet cells are found in ALL branches of bronchioles.
FALSE. Goblet cells can be found in larger bronchioles but are NOT FOUND in TERMINAL BRONCHIOLES
LOCATION and FXN of CLARA CELLS
Epithelia cells found in terminal and respiratory brochioles. Purpose: Secrete lipoprotein that prevents bronchioles from collapsing during expiration
Type I vs Type II Pneumocytes -Which one is more readily found?
Type I - 95% -squamous epithelium -provide minimal thickness --> permeable to gas exchange - DO NOT DIVIDE TYPE II - 2-5% -Cuboidal epithelium -Locate primarily in septal jxns -RELEASE SURFACTANT -CAN DIVIDE -CAN BECOME TYPE I
Structure that permits airflow b/w adjacent alveoli, keeping pressures equalized
ALVEOLAR PORES aka PORES OF KAHN
THIN vs THICK REGION in Alveolar Capillary Cmplx
THIN - Fused BASAL LAMINA of alveolar and capillary epithelium - Primary site for GAS EXCHANGE THICK -OWN BASEMENT LAMINA of alveolar and capillary -CT contains fibers and cells -PRIMARY SITE FOR LYMPHATIC EC DRAINAGE
BARRIER cmpnts of THIN REGION in alveolar capillary cmplx
1) SURFACTANT 2) TYPE 1 3) FUSED BASAL LAMINA 4) CAP ENDOTHELIUM
What are "HEART FAILURE CELLS"?
Phagocytosed RBC's that have leaked into alveolar sacs in heart failure. Macrophages break Hb into hemosiderin (yellow pigment) which is coughed up
Pulmonary Arterial System vs Bronchial Artery System
PAS 1) LOW P SYSTEM 2) THIN WALLED, LARGE DIAMETER, MUSCULO-ELASTIC 2) UNOXY BLOOD -->OXY BLOOD BAS 1) HIGH P SYSTEM 2) OXY BLOOD (from aorta) --> UNOXY BLOOD (supply lung tissue with oxy)
2 Paths of Lymphatic Drainage in Lungs
1) Deep path follows air passages to hilum 2) Surface of lung just deep the visceral pleura
Major route of exit of liquid in pleural space
PARIETAL PLEURA LYMPHATICS
If a person is stabbed in the chest where it pierces the lung pleura, which pleura contributes to pain perception?
VISCERAL PLEURA DO NOT CONTAIN SENSORY N. FIBERS PAIN INDICATES INVOLVEMENT OF PARIETAL PLEURA

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