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health ch. 15 lesson 3

Terms

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neuron
basic cell of the nervous system
carry nerve messages, or impulses, from one part of body to another
dendrites
short, branching fibers that carry nerve impulses toward the cell body
axon
long thin fiber, carries impulses away from cell body
myelin
fatty material, insulates the axon and increases the speed at which an impulse travels
synapse
space between an axon and the structurewith which the neuron communicates
sensory neurons
pick up infoabout external and internal environment from sense organs and body
motor neurons
send impulses to muscles and glands causing them to react
interneurons
only in brain and spinal cord, pass impulses from one neuron to the other
central nervous system
brain and spinal cord
peripheral n.s
all nerves that connect the brain andspinal cord to other parts of body
brain
moist, spongy organ controls everything...actions, thoughts, and memory
menings
beneath skul, three layersof memvranes that cover the brain and give it further protection
cerebrospinal fluid
a liquid btween middle and inner menings and other parts of brain, give cushioning and protection
cerebrum
large upper region
cerebellum
just beneath the back part of cerebrum,coordinates contractions of muscles
brainstem
below cerebellum at base of skull, life support system, heartbeat, breathing, and blood pressure
thalamus
relay station for senses,
hypothalamus
regulates body temp, sleep, water balance, blood pressure
spinal cord
nerve tissue that extends from the brain down the back just below the ribs
cranial nerves
12 pairs of nerves that emerge from brain, connect with head
spinal nerves
31 pairs branch from spinal cord
somatic nervous system
responsible for actions that can be controlled
automatic n.s
regulates automatic actions, not controlled
reflex
automatic response of n.s to environment
concussion
short loss of consciousness after bump to head- shoft brain tissue in contact with skull
coma
prolonged period ofdeep unconsciousness, diseases and o.d
paralysis
loss of ability to move some part of the body, nerves are so damaged they can no longer signal muscle movement
quadriplegia
neck down paralysis
pparpelegia
lower body paralysis, lowr spinal cord injury
meningitis
inflammation of meninges of brain and spinal cord, children
rabies
infection of central nervous system from bite of infected animal
migraine headaches
severve headaches last a long time
cerebral palsy
nervous system damagebefore, during or after birth, lack of full control of body movement
epilepsy
disturbed brain messenges
seizure
sudden storm of brain activity due to epilepsy
multiple sclerosis
patches of myelin are destroyed, difficulty mucsle control, vision and speech trouble

Deck Info

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