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exam 3- random parts from all the chapters I didnt study

Terms

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ethnocentrism
belief that your culture is the best
dominant culture
may not have the most members but is the most powerful
how many categories of race ar there?
6
acculturation
how imigrants learn to blend in with their new surrounding culture
cultural assimilation
complete fusion of the new culture
cultural universals and cultural specifics
universals are values/beliefs, etc that all cultures share, the specifics are specific to just one culture (duh).
indigenous health care system
fok medicine, OTC
professional health care system
educated people who provide care
biomedical health care system
this is the one for North America. its a subdevision of professional health care. It values technology and seeks to conquer disease
magico-religious
supernatural forces, vudo
holistic
harmony, balance, nature, etc..
____ is the largest subculture in the health-care industry
nursing
what is the difference between cultural awareness and cultural sensitivity?
awareness is just being knowlegeable and appreciating the culture, but sensitivity is acting on that and making sure you dont somehow offend them
stereotypes
could be positive or negative
predjudice
negative attitudes based on negative stereotypes
discrimination
putting predjudice into action
in learning to become culturally competant, what does the acronym LIVE and LEARN stand for?
LIVE= like, inquire, visit, experiance LEARN= listen, evaluate, acknowledge, recommend, negotiate
what does the acrynm ASKED stand for?
awareness, skills, knowedge, encounters, and desire
what is the most effective strategy for teaching psychomotor skills?
demonstration and return demonstration
what is the goal of teaching?
to meet learner OUTCOMES
the teaching process is very similar to _____
the nursing process
are you responsible to teach your peers?
yes you are.
what are the 5 rights of teaching?
right time, right contect, right goal, right content, right method
how long do you have to do something before it becomes habbit?
every day for at least 3 weeks
what are the 3 domains of learning?
cognitive, pshychomotor, and affective
define cognitive, psychomotor and effective learning
cognitive is the knowledge, psychomotor is the doing, and affective is more the change in feelings or belifs about something (like diet)
if you use the nursing diagnosis Knowledge Deficit, ..what must you also do?
specify the type of deficit ...for example: Knowledge deficit: (diabetic foot care) r/t ---yadda yadda yadda
what type of words should you use in teaching?
action verbs
circadian rhythem
a biorhythm based on the day-night pattern in a 24 hour cycle. hospitalization can interfear with this
reticular activating system (RAS)
a collection of nerve cell bodies an neurons within the brain stem that keep you awake.
EEG
electroencephalogram. its a machine that reads the electrical activity of the brain
Theta waves are mostly seen in ____
children. Rarely in adults
NREM sleep is characterized by the presnece of _____ waves.
delta
while your awake your brain waves are mostly ____ and ____
alpha and beta
REM is primarily initiated by the ______________
reticular activating system (and just to note that the brain waves are similar to when the person is awake!)
stage 1 of sleep
feels groggy, relaxed, easily awakened. last for about 5-10 minutes. It accounts for about 5% of your total sleep time.
stage 2 of sleep
eyes are still, body begins to slow down (including brain activity). last for 10-15 minutes
stage 3 of sleep
slow wave activity begins to occur at this stage, snoring may occur. difficult to wake. 5-15 minutes are spent in this stage. A young adult spends 8% of sleep time here.
stage 4 of sleep
the deepest sleep. the heart rate is about 25% of what it was when your awake, very difficult to wake someone, and if they do they are very confused. some dreaming may occur but is less vivid than in REM. 11% of sleep time is here.
Stage 5 sleep
REM sleep. this is important for resorative processes like protein synthesis, cell division and tissue renewal. It happens after about 90 minutes of sleep. The RAS causes the brain to become highly active and resemble that of a fully awake person. vital signs increase, but loss of muscle tone is still present. more spontaneous awakenings occur here than in any other state. you are alert and oriented when awakened from this state.
REM rebound
if you loose REM sleep, you will eventually get it. your body will spend more time there to make up for the loss of it.
describe the sleep cycle (stages in order of which they occur)
stage 1, 2, 3, 4, then 3, 2, REM, 2, 3, 4, then 3, 2, REM, 2, 3, 4 and so on.
how many cyles of the sleep cycle can you go trhough a night?
typically 4-6 cycles a night, each one lasting about 90-100 minutes. The REM may last as long as 60 minutes

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