xxTerwin: Matter and Energy
Terms
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- Organic Compound
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Always contain carbon, usually hydrogen & oxygen too.
Originally coined to refer to compounds made from living things, but now much can be made in lab. -
Atoms -
Smallest unit of an element that retains characteristics of that element. -
Atom Nucleus -
Positively charged central portion of an atom. - Proton
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In Atom Nucleus, contribute to positive charge.
A subatomic particle. - Neutrons
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In Atom Nucleus, contribute mass, but no charge.
A subatomic particle. - Electrons
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Outside of Atom Nucleus, negatively charged. - Synthesis
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Requires energy, building up, putting together. - Decomposition
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Releases energy, breaking down, taking apart. - Photosynthesis
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Autotrophs converting light energy into chemical energy. - Cellular Respiration
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Breaking down food (sugars). - Macromolecules
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Carbohydrates; Lipids;
Proteins; Nucleic Acids.
4 most important classes of molecules in living cells. - Carbohydrates
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Contained in all living cells.
Carbon with Oxygen & Hydrogen in 2:1 ratio. - Monosaccharides
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Simple sugars
Glucose - Polysaccharides
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“Many sugars†- Plant Polysaccharides
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Structure is cellulose.
Energy is stored in starch. - Animal Polysaccharides
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Structure is Chitin.
Energy is stored in Glycogen. - Chitin
- In animals, simple sugars made into complex molecules.
- Glycogen
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In animals, stored in muscles.