Verb Syntax
Terms
undefined, object
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(Indicative Mood)
Relative Clause -
Just original form, but a verb in a relative clause
EX: Poeta qui litteras scribit est sapiens.
The poet who writes literature is wise. -
Causal Clause
Starts with quod -
The because clause
Ex: Adsunt quod officium sequuntur
They are present because the succeed the office. - Temporal Clause
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The "after," "there,"---any apposition that designate time
clause
ex: Dum Romae eram, Ciceronem vidi
While I was in Rome, I was Cicero. - Cum temporal
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The cum clause that takes the indicative
Cum eum vidi, eum cognovi.
When I saw him, I recognized him - substantive / noun clause
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The "as to" caluse
Ex: Quod scribis, gaudio.
As to what you write, I am in joy. - Concessive clause
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The "Although" clause
Leads: quamvis, ut, licet, etsi, tametsi, etiam si, quamquam, cum
Ex: Quamquam hostes superiores erant, eos oppugnavimus.
Although the enemies were strong, we fought them. - Proviso clause
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The "provided that" clause
Leads: "Dummodo"
Ex: Non timebo, dummodo hic remaneas.
I will not fear, provided that you remain here. - Purpose / Final clause
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"So that" Clause
Ex: Venio ad urbem ut amicum videam.
I went to the city so that I saw my friend
(I went to the city to see my friend) - Rel. clause of characteristic
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The "that which" "he who" clause
Nemo erat qui hoc faceret.
No one was he who did this.
(No one did this) - Result / Consecutive clause
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The "so much that" clause
Tanta fecit ut urbem servaret.
He did such great things that he saved the city. - Causal clause
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clause with quoniam
Ex: Quoniam venisti, me adiuvare debes.
When you saw me, you should hear me. - Cum Circumstantial
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Cum + imperfect or pluperfect subjunctive
Special "when" clause
Ex: Cum hoc fecisset, fugit.
When (once) he did this, he left - Cum Causal
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The "since" clause with subjunctive
Ex: Cum hoc tsciret, potuit eos iuvare. - Cum concessive / adversative
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The "although" cum clause
Cum haec sciret, tamen non eos iuvavit.
Even though he knew this, he nonetheless helped them. - Temporal clause with until
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The "Until" clause with subjunctive
Ex: Expectas dum dicat
He was expecting until he says
(He was expecting for him to say) -
Substantive clause of purpose
// Jussive noun clause -
"He wants him to do this" clause
Ex: Imperavit ei ut hoc faceret
He demanded him to do this. - Fear clause
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The "he fears that" clause
positive : ne
negative: ut
Ex: Metuit ne hostes oppugnent.
He fears that they will fight the enemies. - Indirect question
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The "What he says" "who we are" "from which we come"
Ex: Rogavit unde veniremnus.
He asked from which we came.