section 5 sullivan anatomy
Terms
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- Disorders of the circulatory system
-
Atherosclorosis(Arteriosclerosis),Myocardial Infarction,Ischemic heart disease,Angina Pectoris,Hypertension,Anemia
Leukemia,Leukopenia,Leucocytosis,Polycythemia,Varicose veins - Leukemia
- abnormally large number of immature WBCs in blood.
- Leukopenia
- Fewer than normal WBCs in blood
- Leucocytosis
- abnormally large number of WBCs in blood
- Polycythemia
- Abnormally large number of RBCs in blood
- Varicose Veins
- Weakened, stretched, swollen
- Anemia
- An abnormally low Hb concentation and/or RBC count
- Hypertension
- Blood pressure in excess of normal range(120/80mmHg)
- Angina Pectoris
- Pain resulting from Ischemia
- Ischemic Heart Disease
- tissue lacks 0xygen due to reduced blood flow
- Function of Respiratory System
-
Gas Exchange
Sound Production
olfaction
air filtration
elimination of wastes - Disorders of Respiration
-
Emphysema
Pneumonia
Asthma
Pleurisy - Emphysema
- Alveoli coelesce( Reduce surface area) Lose elasticity
- Pneumonia
-
viral/bacterial infection WBC/ fluid accumulates in lungs
Gases can't exchange - Asthma
- constriction of airway smooth muscle
- Pleurisy
- inflammation of pleura due to infecton/trauma
- Structures
-
Nose
Nasal Cavities
Paranasal Sinus
Pharynx
Larynx - Nose
-
Skin over bony framework
Distally hyaline cartilage
External nares(nostrils) where nasal cavities open to exterior
Internal nares where nasal cavities open into nasopharynx - Paranasal Sinuses
-
Warm, moisten
Resonating chamber - Pharynx(throat)
-
Superiorly communicates with nasaloral cavities
Inferiorly communicates with larynx/esophagus -
3Portions
Nasopharynx -
upper portion(above soft palete)
soft palete and uvula form floor
auditory tube opens into
pharyngeal tonsils on posterior wall
lining pseudostratified ciliated columnar epithelium -
3portions
Oropharynx -
middle
between soft palate/hyoid
anterior wall base of tongue
palatine and lingual tonsils
lining stratified squamous epithelium -
3portions
Laryngopharynx -
Lower
Below hyoid
Lining stratified squamous epithelium
Inferiorly, opens into larynx anteriorly
opens into esophagus posteriorly - Larynx(voice box)
-
Connects laryngopharynx and trachea
Muscles/ligaments hold 9 cartilages together to form larynx
Lining ciliated pseudostratified columnar epithelium/goblet cells - 9 Cartilages:
-
1.Thyroid (adams apple) largest triangular shape
2.cricoid ring shaped,below
3.epiglottis leaf shaped/lid over glottis
4.arytenoid(2) vocal cords attach to
5.cuneiform(2) smallclub shaped
6.Corniculate(2) smallhornshaped - Functions of Larynx
-
air passage
protective sphincter
sound production - Vocal cords
-
2pairs of mucous membrane folds stretch horizontally across entrance into larynx
From thyroid cartilage to arytenoid cartilage - Ventricular folds
-
upper
"false" vocal cords
support true vocal cords - True Vocal Cords
-
Lower
Vocal Folds
Within folds are elastic ligaments
Vibrate in sound production
Intrinsic muscles adjust tention (narroe/widen glottis) - Extrinsic muscles
- elevate muscles