Science Chapter 6 Test
Terms
undefined, object
copy deck
- Volcano
- a weak spot in the crust where molten material or magma comes to the surface
- Magma
- a mixture of rock-forming substances, gases, and water from the mantle
- Lava
- magma when it reachs the surface
- Ring of Fire
- a major volcanice belt, formed by many volcanoes that rim the Pacific Ocean
- island arc
- are stings of islands that are formed when sea-floor spreading and subduction occurs
- hot spot
- is an area where material deep from within the mantle rises and melts, forming magma
- element
- is a substance thatcannot be broken down into other substances
- compound
- a substance made up of two or more elements that have been chemically combined
- pyhsical property
- is any characteristic of a substance that can be measured without changing the composition of the substance
- chemical property
- is any property that produces a change in the compositionof matter
- viscosity
- the pyhsical property of liqueds and the resistance of a liqued to flow
- silica
- a compound made up of particales of the elements oxygen and silicon
- pahoehoe
- fast moving, hot,lava that has a low viscosity
- aa
- lava that is cooler and flows slower and has a high viscosity
- magma chamber
- a place beneath the volcano where magma collects
- pipe
- a long tube in the ground that connects the magma chamber to Earth's surface which magma travel up through
- vent
- an opening in the volcano where molten rock and gas leave the volcano
- lava flow
- an area covered by lava as it pours out of a vent
- crater
- a bowl shaped area that may form at the top of the volcano around the central vent
- pyroclastic flow
- occurs when an explosive eruption hurls out a mixture ofhot gases, ash, cinders,and bombs
- dormant
- a sleeping volcano that may awaken and become active in the future
- extinct
- a volcano that is unlikly to erupt again
- sheild volcano
- thin layers of lava pour out of vents gradually building a wide, gently sloping mountain
- cinder cone
- ash,cinders,and bombs build up around the vent in a steep,cone shaped hill or small mountain
- composite volcano
- are tall, cone shaped mountains in which layers of lava alternate with layers of ash
- caldera
- the huge whole left by the collapse of a volcanic mountain
- volcanic neck
- forms when magma hardens in a volcano's pipe
- dike
- when magma forces its self across rock layers
- sill
- when magma squeezes between horizontal layers of rock
- batholith
- is a mass of rock formed when a large body of magma cools inside the curst
- geothermal activity
- magna a few kilometers beneath Earth's curst heats unground water
- geyser
- is a fountain of water and steam that erupts from the ground