apsych ch 12
Terms
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- a state of psychological tension or strain
- stress
- any effort to cope with stress
- adjustment
- a subfield of psychology concerned with the relationship between psychological factors and physical health and illness
- health psychology
- the events or circumstances that trigger stress
- stressors
- a feeling that one mut speed up, intensify, or change the direction of one's behavior or live up to a higher standard of performances
- pressure
- the feeling that occurs when a person is prevented from reaching a goal
- frustration
- simultaneous existence of incompatible demands, opprotunites, needs, or goals
- conflict
- according to Lewin, the result of simultaneous attraction to two appealing possibilities, neither or which has any negative qualities
- approach/approach conflict
- according to Lewin, the result of facing a choice between two undesirable possibilities, neither or which has any positive qualities
- avoidance/avoidance conflict
- according to Lewin, the result of being simultanously attracted to and repelled by the same goal
- approach/ avoidance conflict
- make cognitive and behavorial efforts to manage psychological stress
- cope
- acknowledging a stressful situation directly and attempting to find a solution to the problem or attain the difficult goal
- confrontation
- deciding on a more realisitic solution or goal when an ideal solution or goal is not practical
- compromise
- avoiding a situation when other forms of coping are not practical
- withdrawl
- self-deceptive techniques for reducing stress, including denial, regression, projection, identification, regression, intellectualization, reaction formation, displacement, and sublimination
- defense mechanisms
- refusal to acknowledge a painful or threatening reality
- denial
- excluding uncomfortable thoughts, feelings, and desires from consciousness
- repression
- attributing one's own repressed motives, feelings, or wishes to others
- projection
- taking on the characterisitcs of someone else to avoid feeling incompetent
- identification
- reverting to childlike behavior and defenses
- regression
- thinking abstractly about stressful problems as a way of detaching oneself from them
- intellectualization
- expression of exaggerated ideas and emotions that are the opposite of one's repressed beliefs or feelings
- reaction formation
- shifting repressed motives and emotions from an original object to a substitue object
- displacement
- redirectting repressed motives and feelings into more socially acceptable channels
- sublimination
- according to Selye, the three states the body passes through as it adapts to stress: alarm reaction, resistance, and exhaustion
- general adaption syndrome (GAS)
- a field that studies the interaction between stress on the one hand and immune, endrocrine, and nervous system activity on the other
- psychoneuroimmunology
- psychological disorder characterized by episodes of anxiety, sleeplessness, and nightmares resulting from some disturbing event in the past
- post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD)