Midterm
Terms
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- Lincoln Douglas Debates
- 1858 Senate Debate, Lincoln forced Douglas to debate issue of slavery, Douglas supported pop-sovereignty, Lincoln asserted that slavery should not spread to territories, Lincoln emerged as strong Republican candidate
- George Pickett
- ordered pickett's charge
- Bleeding Kansas
- : was a sequence of violent events involving Free-Staters and pro-slavery "Border Ruffians" elements that took place in Kansas Territory and the western frontier towns of the U.S. state of Missouri between roughly 1854 and 1858 attempting to influence whether Kansas would enter the Union as a free or slave state.
- Force Acts
- the government banned the use of terror, force or bribery to prevent someone from voting because of their race. Other laws banned the KKK entirely and brought forth military help to enforce these laws.
- American (know nothing) party
- it was named american party in 1855; originated in New York and were strickly aginst immigration.
- Emancipation Proclamation
- Issued by abraham lincoln on september 22, 1862 it declared that all slaves in the confederate states would be free
- "radical" regimes
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- George Meade
- Commanded the Union Army of the Potomac at Gettysburg
- Trent Affair
- Mason and Slidel were going to england to negotiate southern-english alliance on British ship Trent, union navy came aboard and took them prisoner, violated British right to the seas, Lincoln apologized
- Ex Parte Milligan
- was a United States Supreme Court case that ruled suspension of Habeas Corpus by President Abraham Lincoln as constitutional
- William T. Sherman
- born Tecumseh Sherman, was an American soldier, businessman, educator, and author. He served as a general in the Union Army during the American Civil War (1861-65), for which he received recognition for his outstanding command of military strategy and criticism for the harshness of the "scorched earth" policies that he implemented in conducting total war against the Confederate States
- Copperheads
- Democrats who opposed the civil war
- Sharecropping
- sharing the crop, african americans who stayed on plantations did this. poor whites and aa would do the labor and the owner would provide the tools and land, at the end of the season the poor people would have to pay a "rent" in crops and most of the time the person would end up in a serious debt that they cannot get out of.
- John Wilkes Booth
- United States actor and assassin of President Lincoln (1838-1865)
- David Farragut
- Commander of the union navy, captured new orleans
- Military Reconstruction Act
- set up martial law (military rule) in the South , nullified Johnson's programs
- Thaddeus Stevens
- Man behind the 14th Amendment, which ends slavery. Stevens and President Johnson were absolutely opposed to each other. Known as a Radical Republican
- Consititutional Union Party
- a
- Alabama
- a
- George B. McClellan
- a major general during the American Civil War. He organized the famous Army of the Potomac and served briefly (November 1861 to March 1862) as the general-in-chief of the Union Army
- Robert E. Lee
- General of the Confederates (South)
- "swing around the circle"
- refers to a speaking campaign of US President Andrew Johnson in which he tried to gain support of his mild Reconstruction policies. It was referred to as such due to the route that the campaign took
- Freeport Doctrine
- During the 2nd Lincoln-Douglas debates for a senate seat in Freeport Illinois. Douglas said that slavery could be prevented by any territory by the passing of laws against slavery.
- 14th Amendment
- Declares that all persons born in the U.S. are citizens and are guaranteed equal protection of the laws
- Antietam
- bloodiest battle of any US war; 4,800 dead and 18,500 wounded
- Scalawags
- name given by former Conferderates to those southerners who supported the shift to power to Congress and the army in the South during Reconstructionist.
- 10% plan
- Abe Lincoln's decree that a state could be reintegrated into the Union when 10% of its voters int eh pressidential election of 1860 had taken an oath of allegiance to eh U.S. and pledged to abide by emancipation
- Panic of 1857
- Economic downturn caused by overspeculation of western lands, railroads, gold in California, grain. Mostly affected northerners, who called for higher tariffs and free homesteads
- Freedman's Bureau
- gave blacks education
- Black codes
- understood laws against blacks not written in books, Legal restrictions on blacks, such as cannot serve on juries, no interracial marriage
- Napoleon III
- Napoleon III inched steadily towards officially recognizing the Confederacy, especially after the crash of the cotton industry and his expedition in Mexico.
- Crittenden Compromise
- This compromise would compensate the owners of runaway slaves, the repeal of the N personal-liberty laws, a constitutional amendment to prohibit the federal govn't form interfering with slavery in the S states and another that would restore the Missouri Compromise line for the remaining territory that would guarantee federal protection of slavery below the line.
- Laird Rams (john Laird)
- a
- Moderate/Radical Republicans
- a
- Clement Vallandigham
- was an Ohio unionist of the Copperhead faction of anti-war, pro-Confederate Democrats during the American Civil War.
- Clara Barton
- Nurse during the Civil War; started the American Red Cross
- Andrew Johnson
- he became president after Lincoln, was assassinated. The plan that he proposed was rebelled by congress because it let leader(s) of the confederate be able to hold office.
- Harper's Ferry Raid
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- Charles Francis Adams
- convinced England to stop making ships for the south during the civil war
- Salmon P. Chase
- was an American politician and jurist in the Civil War era who served as U.S. Senator from Ohio and Governor of Ohio; as U.S. Treasury Secretary under President Abraham Lincoln; and as Chief Justice of the United States.
- Tenure of Office Act
- Makes it illegal for president to replace officers who have been confirmed by Congress without Congressional approval
- Bull Run
- 1st real battle, Confederate victory, Washingtonian spectators gather to watch battle, Gen. Jackson stands as Stonewall and turns tide of battle in favor of Confederates, realization that war is not going to be quick and easy for either side
- Edwin M. Stanton
- Stanton was politically opposed to Republican Abraham Lincoln in 1860. After Lincoln was elected president, Stanton agreed to work as a legal adviser to the inefficient Secretary of War, Simon Cameron, whom he replaced
- Union Party
- an alliance between members of the Republican Party who backed incumbent President Abraham Lincoln and Northern Democrats (plus a few anti-Confederate Southerners such as Andrew Johnson) during and after the Civil War.
- Merrimack and Monitor
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- Thomas J. Jackson
- was a Confederate general during the American Civil;He is most famous for his audacious Valley Campaign of 1862 and as a corps commander in the Army of Northern Virginia under Robert E. Lee
- Morrill Tariff Act
- a
- 15th Amendment
- citizens cannot be denied the right to vote because of race, color , or precious condition of servitude
- "Seward's Folly"
- The Alaska Purchase by the United States from the Russian Empire occurred in 1867 at the behest of Secretary of State William Seward. The territory purchased was 586,412 square miles (1,518,800 km²) of the modern state of Alaska.
- Ku Klux Klan
- An organization of white supremacists that used lynchings, beatings, and threats to control the black population in the United States. Expressed beliefs in respect for the American woman and things purely American [anti-immigrant]. Strongest periods were after the Civil War, a resurfacing in 1915 [on Stone Mountain, GA.] continuing through the 1920s, and another upsurge in the 1990s.
- Maximilian
- a
- Draft riots
- were a series of violent disturbances in New York City that were the culmination of discontent with new laws passed by Congress to draft men to fight in the ongoing American Civil War
- Wade Davis Bill
- an 1864 plan for Reconstruction that denied the right to vote or hold office for anyone who had fought for the Confederacy...Lincoln refused to sign this bill thinking it was too harsh.
- 13th Amendment
- This amendment freed all slaves without compensation to the slaveowners. It legally forbade slavery in the United States.
- Civil Rights Act
- This secured the rights of freedmen., it gave citizenship to African- Americans
- Carpetbaggers
- Northerners who came to the South to teach, work with aid programs, to helo state governments get going again and most of the time to make money. Most white Southerners hate them
- Ulysses S. Grant
- Commander of the Union army who was nicknamed "Unconditional Surrender"
- "Conquered Provinces"
- a