stats test 1
Terms
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- Start of chapter 2 Sources of research include - and -. --: -- observation of --/-- behaviour. --: -- -- observations, --, --, --,--.
- Unsystematic and Systematic observation. Unsystematic: causual observation of animal/ human behaviour. Systematic: carefully planned personal observvations, published research reports, ongoing reserch, previous or own.
- Developing research questions-- observations such questions are --, and terms must be-- --.
- Ojective observation such questions are empirical. And terms must be operationally defined.
- Research is important if 3. Unimportant if 3.
- 1)Clarify relationship amoung variables 2) Support only one hypothesis 3) answer leads to practical application. 1) answer already firmly established 2)variables are known to have a small effect/ theoritcal interest 3)variables not believed to be causally related
- Hypothesis: a -- -- about a relationship subjected to -- -- law: relationship that has recievced -- -- and not subjected to 00, model: -- implimention of a general theory.
- Hypothesis: specific statment, empirical testing. Substantial support, disconfirmation. Specific implimenation
- Theories play an important role in science 3)
- 1) to help us to understand phenomena 3)predict relationships 4)organize and interpret data- even if not correct
- A good theory must be
- 1)Must account for most of the datat within its domain 2)Explanatory relevance-- believable 3)Must be testifiable empirically 4)Account for novel explanation- n for new. 5) must be parcimonious
- Theory is a set of related -- about the causes of a -- and the -- that specify how - - --.
- assumptions phenomenon, rules specific causes act.
- Ways of testing theories 3)
- Confirmationa: more confidence in a theory proves what it set out to prove, expected outcomes do occur. Disconfirmational unexpected outcomes do occur. Stong infernce, pitting opposing theories against each other.
- Start of Chapter 4
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