us hist ch. 22
Terms
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- Fuel Administration
- created to deal with energy demands by allocating scarce spplies of coal
- Espionage and Sedition Acts 1917 and 1918
- fined or jailed people who interfered with the draft, or with the sale of government bonds people who were disloyal or spoke out against the war effort would be punished
- Causes of WWI:
- 1. nationalism 2. imperialism 3. militarism 4. alliances
- Triple Entente (Allies)
- Britain, France, Russia
- Triple Alliance (Central Powers)
- Germany, Italy, Austria-Hungary
- The spark that ignited the WWI was:
- the assasination of Archduke Franz Ferdinand (Austria-Hungary) by the Black Hand group (Serbia)
- When Great Britain established a blockade along the German coast, Kaiser Wilhelm II of Germany announced:
- any ships carrying goods to Great Britain will be sunk
- Lusitania
- sunk by a German submarine, was secretly carrying ammunitions to Britain killed american passengers
- Sussex
- a French passenger ship with Americans on board that was sunk by Germany, even though Germany agreed not to sink any more liners without warning
- Sussex Pledge
- Germany agreed to this no more attacks would take place on unarmed vessels only if the US could persuade Briatin to life the blockade
- Zimmermann Telegram/Note
- message from Germany to Mexico asking them to join the war on their side. If Mexico does, Germany will financially support them and they will get their lands back from the US
- Causes of US intervention in WWI:
- 1. sinking of the Lusitania 2. economic ties to England 3. Zimmermann Telegram
- What is the most immediate cause of the US going to WWI?
- March 1917 the kaiser of Germany announced that he would continue his unrestricted submarine warfare
- US entered WWI on _______
- April 2, 1917
- In November of ____, the Russian Bolsheviks overthrew the czar. result:
- 1917 Russia withdraws from the war and signs a separate peace treaty with Germany
- Committee of Public Information
- US government agency that distributed pamphlets to influence US public opinion regarding US inteverntion in WWI propaganda campaign
- War Industries Board
- established 1917 leader: Bernard Baruch to convert indsustry to wartime production
- National War Labor Board
- 1918 established, headed by Taft to deal with labor disputes
- Who was president during WWI?
- Wilson
- Food Administration
- headed by Herbert Hoover helped to regulate food supply for the troops by encouraging people to give up certain items
- Schenck v. United States 1919
- Supreme Court Holms ruled that even though you have a right to speech, during times of war, you cannot say certain things. (Schenck was passing out pamphlets trying to tell people not to join the military)
- On _____, an armistice (truce) was signed between the Germans and the Allies. WWI ended.
- November 11, 1918
- Wilson's 14 points:
- his vision for peace - centered on preventing future wars 1. end of secret alliances 2. freedom of the seas 3. equality in trade 4. arms reduction 5. self-determination for nations 6. return of Alsace-Lorraine to France 7. establishment of League
- Treaty of Versailles
- June 28, 1919 1. Germany gets limitations on army 2. Germany must take offical blame for the war 3. Germany must pay the Allied nations reparations 4. British and French were gien temporary madates (colonies) over Turkish areas until they were read
- Henry Cabot Lodge
- US Senate rejected the Treaty of Versailles and Article X of Wilson's 14 points (League of Nations). said that League would lead to another war
- The US signed a separate peace with Germany in ____ and never participated in the League of Nations.
- 1921