CNS 1 2
Terms
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- metencephalon
- pons + cerebellum
- Forebrain
-
Prosencephalon; consists of telencephalon plus diencephalon
Diel the telephone - Telencephalon
- cerebrum
- occipital lobe
- visual and association areas
- cerebrum constituents
-
two cerebral hemispheres
gray/white matter divided into
5 cerebral lobes and
basal ganglia group - five cerebral lobes
- frontal parietal temporal occipital insular
- frontal lobe
-
motor and premotor areas
precentral gyrus - parietal lobe
-
sensory and association areas
postcentral gyrus - temporal lobe
- auditory areas
- central sulcus
- divides the frontal and parietal lobes
- cerebellum lobes
- anterior, posterior, flocconodular
- basal ganglia constituents
-
caudate nucleus
putamen
globus pallidus
substantia nigra
subthalamic nucleus - lateral fissure
- like a sulcus; divides the temporal lobe from the frontal and parietal lobes
- cerebellum fissures
- primary, posterolateral
- insular lobe
- deep to the lateral fissure
- Cavities of the brain
- Ventricles; two laterals, 3rd and 4th.
- parietooccipital sulcus
- seperates the occipital lobe from the parietal lobe; can't see it very well just by looking at the back of the brain, but if you were to take a blade and drive it in it would make the division that can be seen from a medial view
- calcarine fissure
- bisects the occipital lobe; like shoving something in horizontally
- major gyri of the cerebrum
-
pre/post central gyri
temporal gyri (superior/middle/inferior)
cingulate gyrus
parahippocampal - diencephalon constituents
-
thalamus
hypothalamus
part of forebrain along with telenceph. - thalamus
-
major relay center for sensory functions, except olfaction
upper diencephalon - hypothalamus
-
maintainence of homeostasis/equilibrium and motivated behaviors; functions in concert w/ autonomic, endocrine systems.
Located near mamillary bodies, pineal gland; connection of infundibulum - mesencephalon
- midbrain
- midbrain constituents
-
connects the telencephalon to hindbrain;
the MID is a MESSencephalon of stuff:
cerebral peduncles
substantia niagra, red nucleus
origin of CN III and IV
mesencephalic central grey
tectum: superior/inferior colliculi (corpora quadrigemina) - hindbrain
-
RHOMBENCEPHALON
pons, cerebellum, (aka metencephalon) + medulla oblongata (aka myelencephalon) - central canal
- cavity of the spinal cord
- pons
- origin and conduit of numerous fiber tacts which ascend, descend, or enter cerebellum; origin of CN V-VII
- Cerebellum
-
little brain
coordinates motor activity by processing proprioceptive info from muscles tendons and joints. - Cerebellum folds
- folia
- cerebellar peduncles
- superior/middle/inferior; on the cerebellum, connect it to the pons/medulla oblongata
- choroid plexus
- highly vascularized connective tissue covered w/ ependymal layer; within the lateral ventricles and the roof of the 3rd/4th ventricles; produces CSF in the ventricular system.
- lateral ventricles
- the cavity within the the telencephalon. extend to all the lobes because they consist of anterior/posterior, and inferior horns.
- interventricular foramen of Monro
- the duct between the lateral ventricals and the third ventricle
- myelencephalon
- medulla oblongata; contains origin cells of numerous fiber tracts; sensory relay nuclei like nucleus cuneatus and gracilus, and CN IX-XII origins; also, pyramids and decussation; reticular formation and associated projection systems
- Brain stem
- medulla oblongata + pons + midbrain
- Third ventricle
- the cavity within the diencephalon; connects to the fourth by the cerebral aqueduct
- cerebral aqueduct of Sylvius
- the cavity of the mesencephalon; connects the 3/4 ventricles
- 4th ventricle
- the cavity within the metencephalon and myelencephalon. (very thin) continuous with the central canal
- foramen of Magendie/Luschka
-
1 magendie
2 lushka
foramen in the fourth ventricle allowing cerebrospinal fluid to bathe the outer spinal cord