Quiz 4 Terms
Quiz #4 terms for Architecture 211.
Terms
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- Iwan
- a large vaulted chamber that is faced with a usually pointed arch on one side; it was invented in pre-Islamic Iraq and Iran but became a dominant architectural form in Islamic territories.
- Minaret
- a tower attached to a mosque used for the call to prayer, which called out by the human voice.
- Hypostyle Mosque
- features a prayer hall consisting of columns arranged in rows like a forest and supporting a roof.
- Martyrium
- a church that commemorates a deceased saint or holds the remains of a martyr; an early Christian martyrium is usually centrally planned
- Qibla
- literally means the direction of prayer, facing toward Mekkah. In mosque architecture, the qibla wall indicates the orientation of prayer.
- Mosque
- The term is derived from the Arabic word, masjid (literally, place of prostration). The mosque provides a place for Islamic prayer, usually featuring both an open-air courtyard and an interior prayer hall oriented toward Mekkah.
- MInbar
- designates the pulpit located in a mosque that one can ascend by a staircase.
- Mihrab
- the prayer niche located in the mosque's wall that faces in the direction of Mekkah.
- Pendentive
- a concave section of a sphere that makes a smooth transition from a square to the circular base of a dome, which it helps to support.
- Crypt
- a space beneath the main hall of a church which contains relics or tombs.
- Squinch
- a projecting arch or a segment of a dome that makes the transition from the corner of a square base to a circular dome above.
- Westwork
- In a Carolingian or Romanesque church, the tower-like west end presenting a façade at the entrance and often containing an entrance vestibule.
- Iconostasis
- An icon screen in a Byzantine church that divides the sanctuary from the space for worshipers is known as ______
- Cross-in-square plan
- The typical plan for a Middle Byzantine church consists of a central domed space from which spaces radiate spaces resembling the arms of a cross and the entire plan appears to be bounded by a square.
- Narthex
- the entrance vestibule of a church.
- Horseshoe Arch
- arch rounded in the manner of a horseshoe.
- Maqsurah
- designates an area in the mosque, usually in close proximity to the mihrab, in which the caliph or other royal individuals are enclosed.
- Quoin
- Large stone or block laid at the corner of a building (or at a window opening or doorway) used either for reinforcement of the angle or the ornament.
- Spandrel
- the triangular area between adjoining arches or the triangular area next to a single arch.