Bio 30 Nervous System Review Terry K
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- What is the difference between depolarization, and repolarization?
- Depolarization is caused by the diffusion of sodium ions into the nerve cell. Repolarization is a process in which the original polarity of the nerve membrane is restored.
- Explain the All-or-None Theory.
- The neuron either responds fully (threshold was reached) or not at all.
- Which cells make up the myelin sheath?
- Schwann Cells
- All neural circut pathways must include what three things?
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-reception
-transmission
-processing - What does CNS stand for? What is its purpose?
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-Central Nervous System
-Coordination and processing of all nerve impulses. - What is the neurilemma?
- The delicate membrane that surrounds the axon of the nerve cells. It promotes the regeneration of damaged axons.
- Identify three important differences between electrical current and nerve impulses.
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-impulse does not diminish with length.
-neuron generates its own impulse.
-electrical current is faster at 3x10^5km/s while nerve impulses are slower at 0.5-1.0m/s. - Provide the definition of the word "Summation."
- The sum effect of all neurotransmitters acting on a neuron.
- Explain the functions of acetylcholine and cholinesterase.
- Acetylcholine makes the postsynaptic membranes more permeable to Na+ ions. Cholinesterase breaks down acetylcholine.
- What is the Synapse?
- A space between a neuron's axon and its target. Also called synaptic cell.