Social Studies Final Terms 7th grade
These are all the vocabulary words in my final review packet from 7th grade.
Terms
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- Seperation of Powers
- The division of a central government into two or more branches, each having its own responsibilites and authorities.
- Primary Source
- first hand information about people or events. Examples would be diaries, letters, historical documents, pictures, and engravings. Such as Paul Revere's Boston Massacre engraving and the Declaration of Independence.
- Sedition Act
- Made it a crime to criticize the government or government officials. Opponents claimed that it violated citizens' rights to freedom of speech and freedom of the press, gauranteed by the First Amednment.
- Aztecs
- Located in present day Mexico, connected their island capital (Tenochtitlan) with a system of causeways. Developed floating gardens(chinampas).
- Marbury v. Madison
- U.S. Supreme Court case that established the principle of judicial review
- Columbus Voyage
- Columbus believed it was possible to circumnavigate the globe, so he sailed west to get to Asia.Columbus encountered the Americas in October 1492, This became a turning point in history as Europeans began to settle, trade, search for gold, and spread Christianity
- Saratoga
- Battle won by the Americans in 1777
- Shay's Rebellion
- Early 1787, rebellion by farmers in debt, which was quickly stopped stopped by President George Washington
- Judicial Review
- the power of the Supreme Court to declare laws and actions of local, state, or national governments unconstitutional
- Bill of rights
- Lists such rights as freedom of speech, press, religion, assembly, The first ten amendments to the Constitution. (ratified in 1791)
- Bunker Hill
- the first important battle of the American War of Independence (1775)
- Archaeology
- The study of artifacts to determine how people lived
- Neutrality Proclamation
- the United States would not support either side in the war and Americans could not aid either Britain or France
- Three-Fifths Compromise
- Decides how slaves will be counted.
- Federalism
- A system in which power is divided between the national and state governments
- Trenton
- Battle won by the Americans in 1776
- Sociology
- The study of how people behave in groups
- Articals of Confederation
- This document, the nation's first constitution, was adoptd by the Second Continental Congress in 1781 during the Revolution. The document was limited because the states held most of the power, and the Congress lacked the power to tax, regulate trade, or control coinage.
- Laissez faire
- the doctrine that government should not interfere in commercial affairs
- Checks and Balances
- A system that allows each branch of government to limit the powers of the other branches in order to prevent abuse of power
- Boston Tea Party
- demonstration (1773) by citizens of Boston who (disguised as Indians) raided three British ships in Boston harbor and dumped hundreds of chests of tea into the harbor
- Whiskey Rebellion
- Washington used his powers from the Constitution to put down a rebellion over a tax on whiskey.
- XYZ Affair
- 3 american delegates sent to France to negotiate, caused by British and French threatening American shipping, French bribe delegates but US leaves
- Judicial Branch
- The judicial branch decides what the laws mean. For example: The law, don't litter implies on trash being thrown outside. But it does not consider throwing away a bitten piece of food.
- Political science
- The study of government
- Yorktown
- In 1781 during the American Revolution the British under Cornwallis surrendered after a siege of three weeks by American and French troops
- Constitutuional Convention
- Was held in Philadelphia o create a new, stronger government for the nation
- Incas
- Located in the Andes Mountains along the west coast of South America. Developed a system of roads to connect the empire and terraces to farm in the mountains.
- Declaration of Independence
- the document recording the proclamation of the second Continental Congress (4 July 1776) asserting the independence of the colonies from Great Britain
- Farewell Adress
- Washington advised Americans against becoming involved in European affairs
- Legislative Branch
- The branch of the government that creates laws
- Inauguration
- Ceremony in which the President takes the oath of office
- Kentucky and Virgina Resolutions
- Claimed that a state government could nullify a law
- Lexington and Concord
- the first battle of the American Revolution (April 19, 1775)
- Land Bridge Therory
- During the Ice Age, glaciers covered the earth and land on the Bering Strait was exposed. This connected Asia with North America. The first settlers in North America, crossed this "land bridge."
- Economics
- The study of how people and nations manage resources (taxation and national debt)
- Mayas
- Located in present day Mexico and Central America. Made advancements in astronomy, mathematics, and developed the 365 day calendar.
- Alien Act
- Allowed the President to remove any foreigner from the country who was thought to be dangerous. Immigrants had to live in America 14 years before being able to vote. Most immigrants were Democratic Republicans, so this kept them from voting for a long time.
- Executive Branch
- The branch of the United States government that is responsible for carrying out the laws
- Boston Massacre
- Event when British soldiers fired on a mob of colonists, killing 5 on March 5, 1770
- Ratification
- Official approval of the Constitution
- Hamilton's Financial Plan
- Ideas Alexander Hamilton Came up with a financial to deal with this problem.....Tax on whiskey, Protective Tariff, National Bank, Pay off debts to inividuals and states.
- French and Indian War
- a war in North America between France and Britain (both aided by indian tribes) English won and now they control the Ohio River Valley And Canada
- Anthropology
- The study of how cultures develop
- Embargo Act
- signed by thomas jefferson in 1807 - stop export of all american goods and american ships from sailing for foreign ports
- Impressment
- Act of seizing someone and forcing them into military service
- Great Compromise
- Compromise made by Constitutional Convention in which states would have equal representation in one house of the legislature and representation based on population in the other house
- Treaty of Paris
- Agreement signed by British and American leaders that stated the United States of America was a free and independent contry
- Slave Trade Compromise
- Decides that slave trade may be outlawed after 20 years.
- Albany Plan of Union
- designed in order to inspire the colonies to unite against the threat of French and Indian troops in America