World Civ.: Social Studies: Hirsch: Grade 5
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- Did the Maya civilization occur before or after the Aztec and Inca civilizations?
- BEFORE
- The _____ lived in Guatemala and parts of Mexico.
- Maya
- In Mayan civilization, ___ determined social class.
- ancestry
- _____ served as a religious center for the Maya, containing temples, palaces, and hieroglypics.
- Tikal, Guatemala
- The Maya and Aztec had ______ religions; the Inca had a ___ religion.
- polytheistic; monotheistic
- The Maya had adv. mathematics as shown by their _______ and _______.
- calendar; concept of "zero"
- The _____ lived in Central Mexico from the late 1300s until 1519, when ______ arrived.
- Aztecs; Cortes
- _______ served as the center of Aztec culture, with canals and temples.
- Tenochtitlan, under Mexico City
- Aztecs conquered ________ to build their empire.
- neighboring tribes
- The Aztec religion included rituals of ______ ________.
- human sacrifice
- In 1519, Cortes took Aztec leader _______ hostage, which led to a battle between the Spanish and the Aztecs.
- Montezuma
- The ____ lived along the Pacific Coast of South America from 1438 to 1532.
- Inca
- The Inca were skilled _____ who developed both _____ and ___ ____.
- skilled stonemasons; roads; irrigation systems
- A conquistador named ________ brought guns and disease which led to the decline of Inca civilization.
- Pizarro
- Before the 15th century, Europeans relied on _____ ____ for silk, gold, and spices from the East.
- Muslim Merchants
- After the Crusades, ___ wanted their own trade routes instead of paying Muslim merchants.
- Europeans
- The Portuguese wanted to establish a trading empire for both _______ and _________ purposes.
- religious; economic
- Prince Henry of _______ organized voyages to explore ____ ____.
- Portugal; West Africa
- The Portuguese learned navigation techniques from ___ ___.
- Muslim scholars
- Bartholemeu Dias was a ______ explorer who, in 1487, sailed to the tip of Africa, also known as the ____ ___ ____ ____.
- Portuguese; Cape of Good Hope
- Christopher Columbus was born in _____, _____.
- Genoa, Italy.
- Isabella and Ferdinand hoped to spread ________ and removed ____ and ____ from Spain.
- Christianity; Jews; Muslims
- The ____ ______ include Cuba, Jamaica, Haiti, the Dominican Republic, and Puerto Rico.
- West Indies
- The ______ __ ___________ was created by the Pope to prevent a war over explorations between Spain and Portugal. It declared that seas to the East of Cape Verde belonged to ______ and seas to the West belonged to _____.
- Treaty of Tordesillas; Portugal; Spain
- _____ __ ____ sailed to the East Coast of Africa, where he met Ahmad Ibn-Majid, a Muslim sailor who showed him the route to India. From India, he brought wealth back to _______.
- Vasco de Gama; Portugal
- Pedro Cabral set out and eventually arrived in _____, but first landed in ______.
- India; Brazil
- Portuguese ships were able to gain control of Muslim trade routes because they were ______ _____.
- heavily armed
- In 1519, a _____ man named Magellan set out on a journey around the world, financed by ____ _____ __ ___ _____. Although he was killed in ___ ______, a ship from his fleet returned to Spain and was the first known to sail around the world.
- Portuguese; King Charles I of Spain; the Phillipines
- ______ __ was a member of the Chinese emperor's court who sailed to E. Africa and Arabia.
- Zhang He
- The Dutch East India Company was assisted by the ____ ___ to control trade between the _________ and the ___ _____.
- Dutch Navy; Netherlands; East Indies