history voc
Terms
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- Loyalist
- person who sided with the British in the Revolution
- Ferdinand Megellan
- began first trip to circumnavigate the globe
- Ratify
- to approve
- Persecution
- mistreatment of people because of their beliefs
- Columbian Exchange
- exchange of crops, goods, diseases, and ideas between Americas and Europe
- Conquistadors
- Spanish who defeated Indian groups in South America
- Treaty of Paris 1783
- formally ended the Revolutionary War - you better know the terms of it
- Valley Forge
- place where Washington's troops survived a harsh winter and got training they needed
- Charter
- legal document giving certain rights to a person or company
- Execute
- to carry out
- Thomas Jefferson
- author of the Declaration of Independence
- Public School
- schools for all who reside in a given area
- Great Compromise
- a compromise between New Jersey and Virginia Plans
- Militia
- an army of citizens ready to fight in an emergency
- Enlightenment
- movement in Europe which encouraged the use of reason
- Quakers
- religious group who settled Pennsylvania - very tolerant and nonviolent
- Declaration of Independence
- formal declaration from the colonies that they are free from Britain
- Northwest Ordinance
- set up rules for governing the Northwest Territory
- Racism
- belief that one race is superior to another
- First Continental Congress
- group that assembled to deal with the growing conflict with England
- Committee of Correspondence
- group that wrote material about the events in Massachusettes
- Sabbath
- holy day of rest
- Colony
- a settlement in a foreign land controlled by a home country
- Boycott
- a movement to stop buying goods from a country or company
- Ally
- a nation that works with another for a common purpose
- Mercenary
- person paid to fight in a conflict
- Indentured Servant
- person who gives up their freedom in return for passage to America
- Proprietary Colony
- a colony given by the king in return for yearly payment
- Boston Tea Party
- patriots dressed as Indians dumped British tea in Boston Harbor
- Missionary
- someone who tries to spread religion to another group of people
- Writ of Assistance
- allowed British to inspect colonial cargo without reason
- Articles of Confederation
- first attempt at establishing a new government in America
- Roanoke
- first attempt at a colony in America - known as the lost colony - mysterious
- Proclamation of 1763
- insured the colonies would not expand over the Appalachian Mountains
- Slave Codes
- laws which were designed to keep slaves down
- Francis Marion
- the swamp fox - good military leader
- Royal Colony
- a colony under direct control of the king
- Treaty of Paris 1763
- ended the French and Indian War- France backed off
- Parliament
- law making body in England
- Intolerable Acts
- set of harsh laws put in place after the Boston Tea Party
- Representative Government
- government where people choose leaders to represent them in government
- Minutemen
- militia ready to fight at a moments notice
- Established Church
- chosen religion of a state
- Virginia Plan
- plan of government which favored the larger states over the smaller
- Executive Branch
- branch of government which carries out the laws - let by president
- Bill of Rights
- rights guaranteed to the people
- Libel
- saying or printing something negative or damaging to another
- French and Indian War
- war between England and France over land in the colonies
- Common Sense
- pamphlet written by Thomas Paine - influenced people's thoughts on independenct
- Christopher Columbus
- began legacy of trade and influence between Americas and Europe
- Petition
- formal written request signed by a group of people
- King George III
- king of England during the Revolutionary War
- Magna Carta
- document which limited the power of the King of England
- Depression
- a time of economic difficulty and low wages
- Gentry
- upper class in colonial society
- Mason-Dixon Line
- imaginary line that separates the North and South
- Three-Fifths Compromise
- deal reached on how slaves would be counted towards total population
- Tea Act
- placed a tax on tea and cut colonial merchants out of the tea trade
- Religious Tolerance
- allowing all religions to practice freely
- Pilgrims
- English settlers who sought religious freedom in the Americas
- Stamp Act
- put tax on legal documents, playing cards, dice
- George Washington
- leader of the Continental Army and president of the Constitutional Convention
- Battle of Saratoga
- turning point for the colonies in the Revolution
- Mercantilism
- theory that a nation's strength came from keeping strict control over trade
- Legislative Branch
- branch of government which makes the laws - led by Congress
- Judicial Branch
- branch of government which interprets the laws - led by the Supreme Court
- Olive Branch Petition
- final attempt at peace between England and the colonies
- Protestant Reformation
- movement to reform the Catholic Church
- James Madison
- father of the constitution
- Townshend Acts
- taxed glass, paper, lead and tea
- Debtors
- one who owes money
- Jamestown
- first permanent colony in America - took lots of work and supplies to make a success
- Mission
- a religious settlement
- Puritans
- group of English Protestants who settled the Massachusettes Bay Colony
- Blockade
- closing off a port from goods coming or going
- Battle of Yorktown
- brought about the end of the Revolutionary War
- Traitor
- one who fights against their own country
- Great Awakening
- religious movement in which in the English colonies - encouraged independent thought
- Navigation Acts
- series of laws which put restrictions on trade with the colonies
- Boston Massacre
- run in between angry mob and colonial citizens ended in dead colonists
- Siege
- cutting off all supplies from coming or going from a city or area
- Battles of Lexington and Concord
- first small battles of the revolution
- Guerilla
- hit and run military tactics
- Northwest Passage
- supposed shortcut to Asia through North America
- Precedent
- act or example which sets an example for others
- Constitutional Convention
- group that got together to write the new constitution
- Constitution
- written plan of government
- New Jersey Plan
- plan of government which favored the smaller states
- John Smith
- leader of the settlement of Jamestown
- Mayflower Compact
- an agreement for the ruling of the Plymouth Colony
- Currency
- printed money
- Cash Crop
- a crop raised to sell for profit
- Alliance
- agreement between nations to protect one another
- Benedict Arnold
- traitor who turned against the colonists
- Patriot
- person who supported the colonies in the American Revolution
- Triangular Trade
- trade between Europe, America, and West Indies