Cultural Anthropology MidTerm
Some Terms
Terms
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- Early Evolutionism
- The age of scientific racism. Culture is a state that Man can achieve if they evolve to that point. Man is evolving from black>brown>white.
- Ecosystem
- a system, or a functioning whole composed of both the physical environment and the organisms living within it.
- Bronislow Malinowski described seven basic needs for all cultures, his theories are referred to as...
- Pure/Psychological Structuralism. He did this breakthrough work on the Trobriand islanders off the coast of Australia. Seven basic needs are 1. Nutrition 2. Reproduction 3. Bodily Comforts 4. Safety 5. Relaxation 6. Movement 7. Growth
- Determinism
- Explanation of the world based on religious presuppositions/interpretations.
- Enculturation
- the process by which a society's culture is passed from one generation to the next, and through which individuals become members of their society.
- A.R. Radcliffe-Brown created what approach to Anthropology?
- Social Anthropology, because he was afraid Malinowski's work was moving Anthropology in the direction of Psychology.
- Archeology
- Study of the remains of a culture
- Culture
- shared behavior and ideas, that are cumulative, symbolic, and transmitted from one generation to the next.
- Cultural Relativistic Fallacy
- Unable to make a moral judgment.
- Culture Type
- the view of a culture in terms of the relation of its particular technology to the environment exploited by that technology.
- Anthropology
- Study of human kind, everywhere, throughout time, as though he/she where just another species on planet earth, to produce reliable knowledge about the things that make people similar and different.
- Emic
- culture described from someone inside the culture
- Adaption
- the process by which organisms achieve beneficial adjustment to an available environment and the results of that process—the characteristics of organisms that fit them to the particular set of conditions fro the environment in which they are generally found.
- Cultural Relativism
- the belief that there is no single scale of values for all cultures, all items must be judged relative to the cultural context in which they appear.
- Adaption
- patterns of behavior which enable a culture to cope with its surroundings.
- Cultural Anthropology
- Study of human cultures past/present.