Unit 5 Review
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- Devine Right of Kings
- God given right to take power
- Heliocentric
- sun-centered
- Jean-Jacques Rousseau
- (1712- 1778) French. The Social Contract. Humans are naturally good. gov't should be a democracy.
- Johannes Kepler
- Father of Modern Astronomy. German mathematician. Comfirmed heliocentric theory w/observations. Showed planets moved in ellipses rather then perfect circles.
- Constitutional Monarch
- monarchs after the English Bill of Rights
- Scientific Revolution
- 1550-1700. Observation and reason in science rather then reliance on trraditional knowledge
- William Harvey
- published On the Motion of the Heart and Blood (1628). Showed that the heart was the begining of the blood's circulation.
- Peter the Great
- (1672-1725) Russia. moved capital from moscow to st. petersburg. made navy. tripled russia's size.
- Isaac Newton
- Defined the laws of motion and gravity. Tried to explain motion of the universe.
- fallow
- feilds with "no crop" while others grew crops
- Miguel de Cervantes
- Don Quixote. First Novel. about a man who travels throught the country side and thinks he's a knight
- Frederick the Great
- (1713-1740) ruler of Prussia(german state). centeralized gov't and put it under is control. Prussian army. most efficent fighting force in europe.
- Voltaire
- (1694- 1778) French. Cndide. "I disaprove of what you say but I will defend to the death your right to say it". Seperation of church and state.
- Age of Reason.
- referred to Enlightenment.
- Louis 14
- France. (1643-1715) Built Versailles. ruled for 72 years. known as Sun King. said "L'etat, c'est moi." whic means "i am state"
- Eugene Delacroix
- Born 1798 in France.ART. Romantic: emotion not reason. Use of color. Historic themes.
- Oliver Cromwell
- dictator, not long after death rarliment declared charles 2 king of england.leader of the military, ruled england "lord protector" untill 1658
- Motesquieu
- (1687-1755) French. The Spirit of Laws. Best form of gov't involves a seperation of powers. Believed that gov't should be sperated among branches: legislative, judicial, executive. US Constitution.
- Charles 2
- first political parties created. aware of limitations.
- William and Mary
- signed English bill of rights. Mary is daughter of charles 2.
- Enlightenment
- known as Age of Reason.18th century. developed as a result of scientific revolution. became open to new ideas.
- Scientific Method
- a group of steps to take while tryign to prove a theory to make it as correct as possible
- Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart
- Born 1756 in Austria. Musical prodigy. Traveled through Europe. Rebelled against church rules. Classical Style,
- Nicolaus Copernicus
- Published On the Revolutions of the Heavenly Spheres. Heliocentric (sun-centered)
- Johan Sabastian Bach
- Born 1685 in Germany. Musical family. studied all his life. Baroque style: complex, multilayered. Brought new music ideas to the church - challenged tradition.
- English Bill of Rights
- before coming of power, William and Mary had to accept the bill. it was clear that parlimentary power had increased over royal power. due to laws restricting power, english monarchs starting with william and mary are concidered constituional monarchs.
- Geocentric
- earth-center
- Charles 1
- 1600-1649 absolutist. seen as bringing to much catholic influence to church of england .executed.
- Age of Absolution
- 1650-1789. attempt for royalty to extend control of all aspects of life.
- Glorious Revolution
- no bloodshed. james fled england and gave up throne
- Galileo Galilei
- Built telescope. Saw moutains on the moon. used it to prove the heliocentric theory. troubled Catholic Church and tried to force him to abandon his system.
- Thomas Hobbes
- (1588-1679) English. Leviathan. By nature humans are evil. absolute monarch was best form of gov't to keep order.
- English Civil War
- war between parliments supporters(roudheads) and the kings supporters(cavaliers)
- John Locke
- (1632-1704) English. Two Treaties of Government. 3 Main Rights: life, liberty, property. Gov't job to protect rights.Declaration of Independence
- Absolute Monarch
- monarch controlled everything