APES Ch. 10
Study sheet
Terms
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- demographic transition
- The decline in death rates followed by a decline in birth rates that occured when a country becomes industrialized.
- age structure diagrams
- _____ are useful for comparing one population with another.
- life expectancy and infant mortality rate
- Two useful indicators of overall health in a country or region.
- total fertility rate
- Most useful measure for projecting future population change.
- family planning
- An advantage of _____ is the decrease in birth rates and decrease in abortion.
- feedback loops, synergistic interactions, mathematical equations
- Found in system dynamics computer model: FEEDBACK LOOPS, SYNERGISTIC INTERACTIONS, MATHEMATICAL EQUATIONS.
- India
- What country had the world's first national family-planning program?
- japan, thailand, taiwan, canada
- Achieved replacement-level fertility within 15-30 years: JAPAN, THAILAND, TAIWAN, CANADA
- Africa
- What country as the highest crude birth rate and crude death rate.
- food supply, better nutrition, advances in medicine, improved sanitization
- Death rates have declined because of FOOD SUPPLY, BETTER NUTRITION, ADVANCES IN MEDICINE, and IMPROVED SANITIZATION.
- 15
- A large number of people under the age of _____ implies the greatest built in momentum for population growth
- preindustrial
- In what stage are both birth and death rates HIGH? (Demographic transition model)
- 40%
- In 2002, legal and illegal immigration accounted for _____ of the population growth.
- 28
- How many years has the total fertilty rate in the US been at or below replacement level?
- stable
- Population when generations do nothing more than replace themselves and age structure is columnar
- existing customs and trends
- Economic rewards and penalties in population control strategies work best if they reinforce _____.
- replacement-level
- _____ fertility can lower a country's population size if it is higher than the TFR.
- USA, Canada, Australia, Germany
- What 4 countries accept large numbers of immigrants?
- ZPG
- Countries that achieve _____ have an age structure that shows little variation in population by age.
- Mexico
- What country does no accept large numbers of immigrants?
- infant mortality rate
- ______ is viewed as the best single measure of society's quality of life because it reflects a country's general health.
- 72
- India's infant mortality rate is about _____ per 1,000 live births.
- transitional
- _____ is when industrialization begins, food production rises, healthcare improves, death rates drop and brith rates remain high.
- douche and rhythm method
- Unreliable and least effective forms of birth control. (2)
- postindustrial
- _____ is when the birth rate declines equaling the death rate and population growth is zero.
- urbanization
- The process in which an increasing proportion of an entire population lives in cities and the suburbs of cities.
- postindustrial
- In what stage is ZPG in a country likely to occur? (Demographic transition model)
- 1950s
- The TFR in the US reached a peak after WWII in the mid-_____.
- transitional
- Death rates fall while birth rates remain high during the _____ stage.
- less
- In areas of low infant mortality rate, people usually have _____ children because of the increased life expectancy.
- under nutrition
- A high infant mortality rate is most often associated with _____.
- improving health care for children and pregnant women, family planning, reducing poverty, elevating status of women
- population growth can be slowed by: IMPROVING HEALTH CARE FOR CHILDREN AND PREGNANT WOMEN, FAMILY PLANNING, REDUCING POVERTY, ELEVATING STATUS OF WOMEN
- make population policies part of social and economic development, eradicate poverty, more equitable relationships for boys and girls, increase access to education
- The following are goals of the 1994 UN Conference on Population and Development: MAKE POPULATION POLICIES PART OF SOCIAL AND ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT, ERADICATE POVERTY, MORE EQUITABLE RELATIONSHIPS FOR BOYS AND GIRLS, INCREASE ACCESS TO EDUCATION, especially for girls and women
- 94%
- Between 1963 and 2000, the human population size rose _____.
- 1%
- Women possess less than _____ of the world's land.