socio 2
Terms
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- charisma
- literally, an extraordinary gift from god; more commonly, an outstanding "magnetic" personality
- bureaurcracy
- a formal organization with a hierarchy of authority, a clear division of labor; emphasis on written rules, communications, and records, and impersonality of positions
- voluntary association
- a group made up of people who voluntarily organize on the basis of some mutual interest, also known as voluntary memberships
- Marx Alienation
- worker's lack of connection to the product of their labor; caused by their being assigned repetitive tasks on a small part of a product-this leads to a sense of powerlessness and normlessness
- peter principle
- laurence peter proposed that each employee of a bureaucracy is promoted to his or her level of incompetence
- goal change
- the adoption of new goals by an organization
- formal organization
- a secondary group designed to achieve explicit objectives
- michel
- robert michels cointed the term the iron law of ogligarchy to refer to how organization come to be dominated by a small, self perpetuationg elite
- quality circles
- consists of workers and a manager or two who meet regulary to try timprove the quality of both working conditions and the companys products
- Ritzer
- talks about the "mcdonaldization" of society which ordinary aspects of life become rationalized and efficiency comes to rule them
- ethnicity
- having distinctive and cultural characteristics
- race
- physical characteristics that distinguish one group from the other
- genocide
- the systematic annhilation or attempted of a people based on race or ethnicity
- assimilation
- the process of being absorbed into the main stream culture
- institutional discrimination
- negative treatment of a minority group that is built into a societys institutions
- adorno
- authoritarian personality- theodor adorno's term for people who are prjudiced and rank high on scales of conformity, intolerance, insecurity, respect for authority, and submissiveness to superiors
- capitalism
- an economic system characterized by the private ownership of the means of production, the pursuit of profit, and market competition
- socialism
- an economic system characterized by the public ownership of the means of production, central planning, and the distribution of goods without a profit motive
- meritocracy
- a form of social stratification in which all positions are awarded on the basis of merit
- oligarchy
- a form of government in which power held by a small group of individuals; the rule of the main by the few