test two ch.1
Terms
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copy deck
- study of tissue is called
- histology
- what are the three primary germ layers
-
ectoderm
endoderm
mesoderm - gives rise to the epidermis and the nervous system
- ectoder
- gives rise to digestive tract nad respitory tract
- endoderm
- gives rise to muscle,bone,blood
- mesoderm
- what are the 4 classes of tissue
- muscle tissue, nervous tissue, connective tissue, and epithelial tissue
- composed of cells specialized for contraction
- muscular tissue
- skeletal tissue
-
\cells are strited(banded) and multinucleated,
cyndrical, and lie in parallel,
usually attached to bones, - cardiac
-
shortr thin branching cells
only found in heart
produces heartbeat
cells are called mytocytes - smooth tissue
-
non straighted one nucleus per cell
are spindel shaped and short - consists of two types of cells
- nervous tissue
- neurons
- functional unit of of the nervous system
- composed of soma(cell body), dentrites(fibers that recieve message) and one axon(nerve fiber that conveys message away from soma
- neurons
- protect and support the neurons(often called helper cells)
- neuroglia
- most abundant, variable, and widely distributed tissue in the body
- connective tissue
- most common cells; produce fibers and ground substance
- fibroblast
- are macrophages
- histiocytes
- provide immune defense
- leukosytes
- produce antibodies
- plasma cells
- produces heparin and histamine
- mast cells
- fat cells
- adipocytes
- are made of protiens
- fibers``
- tough flexibleand resist streching "white fibers"
- collagenous fibers
- thin collagen in reticular conn
- reticular fibers
- composed of protein and elastin "yellow fiberss"
- elastic fibers
- types of fibers
-
collagenous fibers
reticular fibers
elastic fibers - loose connective tissue
-
areolar
adipose
reticular - types of dense connective tissue
-
dense regualr
dense irregular - loosely organized fibers and all 6 cell types
- areolar tissue
- ais areolar tissue with adipocytes(fat cells)
- adipose tissue
- reticular tissue
- composed of of reticualr fibers
- dense regular
- all fibers run in parallel;tissue of tendons and ligaments
- dense irregular run in random direction
- dense irregular tissue
- composed of cells called chrondroblast
- cartilage
- smooth glassy, found at the ends of bones and movable joints
- hyaline cartilage
- is yellow has ellastic fibers found in outer ear
- ellastic cartilage
- fibro cartilage
- parallel fibers forms in vertible disc and pubis symphasis
- fills heads of shafts of long bone
- spongy bone
- compact bone
- forms exterior of all bones
- teeth are composed of of dentine and cementum
- dental tissue
-
consist of ground subsatance(plasma) and formed elements, the formed elements are red blood cells(erythrocytes), white blood cells
(leukocytes), and platelets - blood
- is the fluid that flow through lymphatic vessels
- lymph
- covers body surface, lines cavaties, and covers many organs
- epithelial tissue
- simple epithelia types
-
simple squamous epithelium
simple cubodial epithelium
simple columnar epithelium
pseudostrfied epithelium - well adapted for transporting substances across; lines alveoli
- simple squamous epithelium
- common in glands;lines kidney tubules
- simple cubodial epithelium
- has secretory function; absorbs nutrients in small intestine
- simple columnar epithelium
- found in respitory tract
- pseudostratified epithelium
- types of stratified epithelia
-
stratified squamos epithelium
stratified cubodial epithelium
stratified columnar epithelium
tansitional epithelium - tissue of epidermis of skin
- srtatified squamos epithelium
- lines follicles of ovary and seminiferous tubules in testes
- stratifiea cubodial epithelium
- type of tissue found in anal canal and pharynx
- stratified columnar epithelium
- type of tissue found in urinary system
- transitional epithelium
- occur between adjacent cells
- intercelular junction
- formed by zipper like fusion of membrane proteins
- tight junction
- "spot weld" holds cells together resist mechanical stress
- desmosomes
- formed by ring like structure made up of membrane protiens;allow chemicals and nutrients to pass from cell to cell
- gap junctions
- made up of individual cell organs that produce substance and secret it elsewhere
- glands
- types of glands
-
endocrine glands
exocrine glands - ductless glands;secret harmones into bloodstream
- endocrine glands
- have ducts;secret their products (not harmones) into ducts
- exocrine glands