Anatomy & Physiology
Terms
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- Peripheral
- Extenstions from the center, away from the center
- What is anatomy?
- "A cutting up" (Gross Anatomy), understaning component parts, The study of internal and external structuresof the body and the physical relationships among body parts
- How has the body evolved homeostasis?
- The body has evolved this feedback something that happens will cause something to happen in the future ex. blood drings heat to the surface to radiate heat
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What is Homeostatic regulation?
- The adjustment to physiological systems to to preserve homeostasis
- Central
- Toward the center
- What is Homeostasis?
- Refers to the existence of a stable environment, to survive every organism must maintian homeostasis, it is ablsolutely vital
- Medial
- Referring to the midline of the body (mesial), Toward the body's longitudinal axis, away from the midsagittal plane
- What is systematic anatomy?
- The study of the structure of organ systems, such as the skeletal system, muscular system
- What is the main theme of Physiology?
- Homeostasis
- What does ectomy mean?
- Taking out
- External
- Closer to the surface, superficial
- What does -itis mean?
- Inflamation of
- Parietal
- Wall of a cavity or walls
- What does myo mean?
- Made of muscle
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What are the three parts of the regulatory system?
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1. A receptor sensitive to env. change (stimulus)
2. A control center (integrationcenter) which recieves and processesthe info supplied by the receptor
3. An effector, a cell or organ that responds to the commands of the control center and whose activity oppses or enhances the stimulus - What is disection?
- "To cut apart"
- Internal
- Deeper within, more internal
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What is cytology?
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The study of one cell or a group of similar cells, microscopic study of cells
- What is anabolism?
- Enzyme activity making proteins from amino acids or hemoglobin
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What is gross anatomy?
- Anatomy on a macroscopic level, involves the examination of relatively large srtuctures
- What is negative feedback?
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An effector activated by the control center either opposes or eliminates the stimulus
ex. pregnancy during pregnancy, birth control
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What is Embryology?
- The study of embyonic development focusing on the first 2 months after ferilization
- Superior
- upper most, above, at higher level, in humans toward the head
- What is apoptosis?
- Programmed cell death
- What is the control center for thrmoregulation?
- Hypothalamus
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What is Histology?
- Microscopic anatomy of cells and tissues
- What is the primary mechanism for Homeostatic regulaiton?
- Negative Feedback-It provides long term control over internal conditions and systems
- What are the levels of Organization?
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Organism level
Organ System level
Organ level
Tissue level
Cellular level
Chemical or molecular level - What is positive feedback?
- The initial stimulus produces a response that exaggerates or enhances it's effects ex. distortion of the uterus leads to further distortion (labor)
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What is developmental anatomy?
- Deals with the changes in form that occur during the period b/w conception and physical maturity
- What is metabolism?
- All the chemical events occuring within the living unit
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What is an Organ system?
- Groups of organs that function together in a coordinated manner
- Lateral
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Farther from the midline, awat from the body's longitudinal axis, toward the midsgittal plane
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What does endo- mean?
- Inside
- What do cells have to have to survive?
- A constant environment
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What does peri- mean?
- around
- What is extrinsic regulation?
- Results from activities of the nervous or endocrine system, two organ systems that adjust or control the activities of many systems simultaneously
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What is physiology?
- The study of the function of anatomical structures, human physiology is the study of the functions of the human body
- Proximal
- Near the origin, point of attachment,
- What does -al mean?
- Pertaining to...
- Inferior
- Below, at a lower level
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What is Necrosis?
- Cells that die due to old age
- Cranial
- refring to the head, the head, cranial case
- What is the anatomic posistion?
- Standing w/ palms forward
- Cephalad
- Toward the head
- What does otomy mean?
- Disconnect
- Rostral
- The nose
- Distal
- Farther from the origin or point of attachment
- Saggittal Plane
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Separates right and left protions
- What is Catabolism?
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Enzyme activity that breaks down something from larger to smaller ex. digestion
- What is Autoregualtion (intrinsic regulation)?
- Occurs when the activities of a cell, tissue, organ, or organ system adjust automatically in responce to some environmental change
- Caudad
- Referring to the tail (caudal)
- Posterior (dorsal)
- The back
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What are hormones?
- Chemical messengers
- Visceral
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Tissue or organs within the cavity
- Anterior (ventral)
- The front, belly side