ns part1
Terms
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- brain and spinal cord
- central nervous system (CNS)
- portion of the central nervous system contained within the cranium
- brain
- largest portion of the brain, it is divided into right and left halves known as cerebral hemispheres that are connected by a bridge of nerve fibers knownm as the corpus callosum; lobes of this are named after the skull bones they underlie
- cerebrum
- anterior section of each cerebral hemisphere responsible for voluntary muscle movement and personality
- frontal lobe
- portion posterior to the frontal love, responsible for sensations such as pain, temperature, and touch
- parietal lobe
- portion that lies below the frontal lobe, responsible for hearing, taste and smell
- temporal lobe
- portion posterior to the parietal and temporal lobes responsible for vision
- occipital lobe
- outer layer of the cerebrum consisting of gray matter, responsible for higher mental functions
- cerebral cortex
- two gray matter nuclei deep within the brain responsible for relaying sensory information to the cortex
- thalamus (diencephalon)
- ring or circle, convolutions of the cerebral hemispheres
- gyri
- ditch, shallow grooves that seperate gyri
- sulci
- splitting crack, deep grooves in the brain
- fissures
- portion of the brain located below the occipital loves of the cerebrum, responsible for control and coordination of skeletal muscles
- cerebellum
- region of the brain that serves as a relay between the cerebrum, cerebellum, and spinal cord, responsible for breathing, heart rate, and body temperature, there are three levels, mesencephalon, pons, and medulla oblongata
- brainstem
- series of interconnected cavities within the cerebral hemispheres and brainstem filled with cerebrospinal fluid
- ventricles
- plasma like clear fluid circulating in and around the brain and spinal cord
- cerebrospinal fluid (CSF)
- column of nervous tissue from the brainstem through the vertebrae, responsible for nerve conduction to and from the and the body
- spinal cord
- three membranes that cover the brain and spinal cord, consisting of the dura mater, pia mater, and arachnoid
- meninges
- ditch, shallow grooves that separate gyri
- sulci
- portion of the brain located below the occipital lobes of the cerebrum, responsisble for control and coordination of skeletal muscles
- cerebellum
- region of thebrain that serves as a relay between the cerebrum, cerebellum , and spinal cord responsible for breathing , heart rae, and body temperature, there are three levels , mesencephalon, pons, and medulla oblongata
- brainstem
- series on interconnected cavities within the cerebral hemispheres and brainstem filled with cerebrospinal fluid
- ventricles
- nerves that branch from the central nervous system including nerves of the brain and spinal cord
- peripheral nervous system (PNS)
- 12 pairs of nerves arising from the brain
- cranial nerves
- 31 pairs of nerves arising form the spinal cord
- spinal nerves
- nerves that conduct impulses from body parts and carry sensory information to the brain -- also called afferent nerves
- sensory nerves
- nerves that conduct more impulses from brain to muscles and glands also called efferent nerves
- motor nerves
- nerves that carry involuntary impulses to smooth muscle, cardiac muscle, and various glands
- autonomic nervous system (ANS)
- control center for the autonomic nervous system located below the thalamus (diencephalon)
- hypothalamus
- division of the ANS concerned primarily with preparing the body in stressful or emergency situations
- sympathetic nervous system
- division of the ANS that is the most active in ordinary conditions it counterbalances the effects of the sympathetic system by restoring the to a restful state after a stressful experience
- parasympathetic nervous system