!Phys Review!
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- How does AcH affect passive diffusion?
- Increases it - dilates when it hits metabotropic smooth muscle receptors via Ca2+ influx which activates NOS/cGMP to dilate.
- How does vascular fibrosis affect passive diffusion?
- Decreases it - increases the distance across the membrane.
- How does pegylation affect passive diffusion?
- Increases it - makes things lipophilic
- How woudl the resting membrane potential change by increasing extracellular sodium?
- It would depolarize
- How woudl the resting membrane potential change by increasing intracellular potassium?
- It would hyperpolarize
- How woudl the resting membrane potential change by increasing extracellular potassium?
-
Up to 20 mM hyperpolarize
Above 20 mM depolarize - How woudl the resting membrane potential change by increasing potassium permeability?
- Hyperpolarize
- How does Oubain work?
-
-Inhibits Na/K ATPase
-Small membrane depolarization
-Less Na/Ca exchange
-Calcium reduces Ethreshold
-More Ca in SR
-More excitable and increased contractility - 3 Ways to increase the force of a skeletal muscles contraction:
-
1. Quantel summation
2. Temporal summation
3. Length tension diagram - Resting length:
- The length where force in a muscle is maximal - optimal length
- Equilibrium length:
- The length where force is minimum
- How does the force-velocity curve change as a muscle's length increases toward resting length?
- As force increases velocity decreases, so as you go from Le to Lo velocity decreases until you can't lift the darn thing off the floor and force becomes isometric.
- How will liver failure affect bulk flow at the capillaries?
- It will increase NFP greatly due to loss of plasma oncotic pressure
- What does Botulinum toxin do?
- Inhibits vesicle release of ACh - inhibits muscle contraction b/c no ACh to bind nicotinic receptors.
- What does Curare do?
- Blocks binding of ACH nicotinic receptors - inhibits NMJ transmission
- What does Atropine do?
-
-Blocks Muscarinic cholinergic receptors on smooth muscle
-prevents smooth muscle dilation
-increases heart rate - What stimulates the release of ACh to cause dilation by its muscarinic receptors?
- PNS - parasymp