Chapter 14/ Eric Green
Terms
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- The Central Nervous System contains?
- Brain & Spinal cord
- The Peripheral Nervous System contains?
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1. Cranial Nerves
2. Spinal nerves
3. Ganglia - Functional organization of the Nervous System
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1. Sensory
2. Motor - Sensory
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* Afferent
-Somatic sensory
-Visceral Sensory - Motor
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* Efferent
-Somatic Motor
-Autonomic Motor - Somatic Sensory
- Skin, joint, special senses
- Visceral Sensory
- Receives info from viscera
- Somatic Motor
- Voluntary, controls skeletal muscles
- Autonomic Motor
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* Involuntary
* Cardiac & smooth muscle
* Glands - What are the 2 cells of the Nervous system?
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1. Neurons
2. Glial cells - What are some characteristics of Neurons?
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- 100 billion in your body
- long lived
- Communicate cia electrical signals called action potentials - What are the 3 components of neurons?
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1. Cell body
2. Dendrites
3. Axon - What do Dendrites do?
- Receive information from other cells
- What do Axon's do?
- Send information to other cells. (usually in the form of action potentials)
- What are some characteristics of glial cells?
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- 900 billion
- support & protect neurons
- do not fire action potentials. - What are the 4 types of Glial cells?
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1. Astrocytes
2. Ependymal cells
3. Oligodenrocytes
4. Neurolemmocytes - Astrocytes
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* Help form blood brain barrier. Protects neurons from toxins in blood.
(most abundant glial cell) - Ependymal cells
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* Produce cerebrospinal fluid (CSF)
- line ventricles - Oligodendrocytes
- * Myelinate axons in CNS
- Neurolemmocytes
- * Myelinate axons in PNS
- What are the 3 CT layers of a Nerve?
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1. Endoneurium
2. Perineurium
3. Epineurium - What is the Endoneurium?
- A delicate layer arround a single axon
- What is the Perineurium?
- Surrounds a fascicle
- What is the Epineurium?
- Tough CT layer around a nerve
- What is a Fascicle?
- A bundle of axons within a nerve.
- What is a Synapses?
- - Connection between a neuron & another cell.
- How do Neurons communicate?
- At a synapse with molecules called neurotransmitters.