Am Cult, midterm review
Terms
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- Lexington and Concord
- first shots of the Revolutionary War, militia was storing weapons, british went to confiscate them
- Sons of Liberty
- patriots in colonies
- Thomas Paine
- wrote "common sense"
- Thomas Jefferson
- wrote declaration of independence, secretary of state when washington was president, ran against john adams but lost 71-68, when he was president after adams, he cut taxes, reduced bureacracy, slashed army, left good things alone like nat. bank, judiaciary act of 1789, constitution had not specified courts powers, individual rights, owned slaves, Louisiana Purchase
- treaty of paris
- revolutionary war, americans won
- Townshend Acts
- tax on import of lead, paper, tea, paint, and glass; reactions were protesting letters, boycotting british goods
- intolerable acts
- closed boston harbor until boston paid for destroyed tea at party; reactions were delagates from 12 colonies met as the first continental congress, created continental association to boycott british goods, petitioned the king
- stamp act
- taxed legal and commercial documents and printed stuff like newspapers; reactions were violent protests, stamp act congress met, boycott of british good began
- declaration of independence
-
written by thomas jefferson, 1776 decided to write it to break away from england, used other works to write it
4 parts:
-preamble
-declaration of rights
-complaints against the british
-resolution of independence - 2nd continental congress
- uicameral legislature(one house); most political power in states; Couldn't tax, raise an army. or compel states to action
- Constitution
- Flexible with just the right amounts of specificity; it has been able to grow; adapts to the needs of Americans across time
- First Political Parties
- 1st 2 were democratic -republicans and federalists; Washington thought they would create conflict
- XYZ Affair
- U.S. and France in mercantile war; Adams sent delegation to Paris for negotiations; French gov't demanded a $250,000 bribe and a $10,000,000 loan before seeing the foreign minister.
- Whiskey Rebellion
- staple good; Washington didn't want it; proved that U.S. could enforce its own laws
- Aristocracy
- people of higher social class
- Marbury vs. Madison
- first judicial review, supreme court deemed something unconstitutional
- Bill of Rights
-
-right to press, speech, religon, assembly, petition
-right to bear arms
-quartering act
-illegal searches and seizures
-self-incrimination and double jeopardy
-rights of accused such as speedy and public trial
-trial by jury in civil cases
-cruel and unusual punishment
-other peoples rights other than the ones listed
-states power - Midnight Judges
- adams appointed midnight judges, pres. has power to appoint federal judges, did a lot of the ones he wanted right before he left office
- Shay's Rebellion
- personal freedom was more important than gov., people were mad, states taxed specie (gold and silver) not paper, to pay off debt, ppl who couldn't pay lost property and stuff, veterans formed little armies and closed courts, staties tried to stop rebels,but they couldn't. nat. gov. couldn't regulate its peeps, b/c it couldn't raise an army
- Articles of Confederation
-
3 flaws:
-couldn't tax
-couldn't control states
-can't regulate economy - Philly
- Where national government was located
- Branches of Gov.
- executive branch-president; legislative branch-house and senate; judiciary-supreme court and the circuits of courts
-
greatest deal in U.S. history
(Luisiana Purchase - cost Americans $15,000,000; doubled the land mass and debt of th U.S.
- census
- count of the people in the U.S.
- judicial review
- Power of federal courts to review state laws and state court decisions to determine if they are consitutional.
- Alien and Sedition Acts
- Laws passed by congress in 1798 that enabled the gov. to imprison or deport aliens and to prosecute critics of the gov.
- Impressment
- to take ppl into service on opposing side against will
- Battle of Tippecanoe
- native americans were not badly beaten, tecumsah survived, fighting against whites for land, used legal tricks to get n.am. off of land, that is what started the war
- Missouri Compromise
- anything above missouri line was free and everything below, 11 states on each side before compromise, maine created to keep balance
- Sectionalism
- a liking of a certain region
- Specie
- A silver or gold coin used as money
- Trail of Tears
- 1,000 miles long. Andrew Jackson forced Cherokee Indians to walk in 116 days even after the Supreme Court told them that they could keep their land.
- Gold Rush
- 1849 Gold discovered in CA; settlement outwest increased greatly
- Corrupt Bargain
-
-Andrew Jackson, Henry Clay, John C. Calhoun, John Quincy Adams
-Calhoun dropped out and decided to run for Vice President
-Clay dropped out because he was Speaker of the House and they had to deicede who was the president.
-Jackson occused Clay of using power in house to make Adams president.
-Clay got secratary in state. - transportation
-
4: (least to best)
-roads
-rivers
-canals
-railroads - Battle of New Orleans
- Andrew Jackson was a hero, America won
- Nati. Bank
- bank that holds the countries money, jackson split into pet banks
- tariff
- tax on imports
- Treaty of Ghent
- settled boundry disputes in N. Am., did not resolve the issues that caused war of 1812, british still harassed american ships
- slavery
- one person owns another, usually african americans
- mexican war
- santa anna, alamo, texan independence
- tariff of 1828
- hurt the south; south carolina declared that states had the right to nullify laws; south carolina was going to seceed from the country but congress passe the force bill and Jackson threatened to send troops to enforce the law.