Early Church Heresies

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Gnosticism: Movement stressing salvation through secret knowledge or "gnosis". Dualism of Good God (creator of spiritual world) and Evil God (creator of physical world)
Dualism of Good God (creator of spiritual world) and Evil God (creator of spiritual world): Gnosticism
Movement stressing salvation through secret knowledge or "gnosis".: Gnosticism
Ebionism: Conservative Jewish Christian view that God is one and that Jesus must be understood in terms of Old Testament categories. Jesus was merely a specially blessed prophet.
Jesus was merely a specially blessed prophet.: Ebionism
Conservative Jewish Christian view that God is one and that Jesus must be understood in terms of Old Testament categories. Jesus was merely a specially blessed prophet.: Ebionism
Doceticism: Heresy proporting that Jesus was wholly divine and that his manhood was merely an illusion. From Greek dokein - "to seem" or "appear to be." Related to gnosticism.
Heresy proporting that Jesus was wholly divine and that his manhood was merely an illusion.: Doceticism
From Greek dokein - "to seem" or "appear to be.": Doceticism
Related to gnosticism.: Doceticism
Marcionism: Belief in total discontinuity between OT and NT, between Israel and the Church, and even between the god of the OT (the demiurge, who created the material world,) and the Father of Christ.
Similar to and influenced by Gonosticism.
Belief in total discontinuity between OT and NT, between Israel and the Church, and even between the god of the OT (the demiurge, who created the material world,) and the Father of Christ.: Marcionism
demiurge: According to Marcionites, the evil god of the OT who created the material world (as distinguished from the Father of Christ.)
Marcion's "canon":: 10 Pauline epistles
A "purified" gospel of Luke - with all references to Christ's human birth removed.
10 Pauline epistles A "purified" gospel of Luke - with all references to Christ's human birth removed.: Marcion's "canon":
Montanism - what century?: 2nd Century
Montanism: Named for Montanus, who converted in AD 155 and prophesied (with women Priscilla and Maximilla,) declaring he had been possessed by the HS. Claimed their movement was the beginning of the last age, marked by the outpouring of the HS (as opposed to Christian belief that that "last age" began at Pentecost. Believed in a rigorous moral life.
Two women who prophisied with Montanus: Priscilla and Maximilla
Movement that stressed a rigorous moral life.: Montanism
Claimed their movement was the beginning of the last age, marked by the outpouring of the HS (as opposed to Christian belief that that "last age" began at Pentecost.: Montanism
Manicheism: Eastern (Persian) mystical teaching claiming that Light (God) and Dark (Matter) are both eternal and that salvation consists in separating the two and preparing our spirits for a return to pure light. Manicheism claims that Christ did not come in the flesh. Pursued for a time by young Augustine in his search for truth.
Heresy that Christ did not come in the flesh.: Manicheism
Eastern (Persian) mystical teaching claiming that Light (God) and Dark (Matter) are both eternal and that salvation consists in separating the two and preparing our spirits for a return to pure light.: Manicheism
Eastern mystical teaching pursued for a time by young Augustine in his search for truth.: Manicheism
Eutychianism: Think: Wine and Water
Christological view that Christ's humanity was absorbed by his divinity.
Eutychians are monophysites: they believe in Christ having one nature. Eutychianism was supported by the council of Ephesus in 449, which came to be known as the "robber synod."
Think: Wine and Water: Eutychianism
Christological view that Christ's humanity was absorbed by his divinity.: Eutychianism
Eutychians are ___________: they believe in Christ having one nature.: monophysites
Eutychianism was supported by the council of ________ in _____, which came to be known as the _______________.: Ephesus, 449, "robber synod"
Council of Ephesus, 449: "The Robber Synod"
Supported Eutychianism
"The Robber Synod" Supported Eutychianism: Council of Ephesus, 449
Year of "The Robber Synod": 449 (Council of Ephesus)
Nestorianism: Think: Oil and Water
Christological view which says that Christ's divinity and his humanity exist side-by-side, but not co-mingled.
Jesus is fully God and fully man, in two persons. Nestorius said that Mary could be "Mother of Christ" but NOT "Mother of God"
Think: Oil and Water: Nestorianism
Jesus is fully God and fully man, in two persons.: Nestorianism
Christological view which says that Christ's divinity and his humanity exist side-by-side, but not co-mingled.: Nestorianism
Because of this view, it was argued that Mary could be "Mother of Christ" but NOT "Mother of God": Nestorianism
Apollinarianism: Think: Envelope and Letter
Christological view that says that Christ's humanity was a receptacle for His divinity. Jesus was fully God but only partially man: He had a divine mind and will.) This was the view attacked by the Capadocians, who said "what was not assumed was not healed."
This was the view attacked by the Capadocians, who said "What was not assumed was not healed.": Apollinarianism
Think: Envelope and Letter: Apollinarianism
Christological view that says that Christ's humanity was a receptacle for His divinity.: Apollinarianism
Jesus was fully God but only partially man: He had a divine mind and will.): Apollinarianism
Capadocian response to Apollinarianism: "What was not assumed was not healed."
"What was not assumed was not healed.": Capadocian response to Apollinarianism
Orthodox doctrine of Christ as accepted at Chalcedon.: Jesus was fully God, and fully man, in one person.
Jesus was fully God, and fully man, in one person.: Orthodox view of nature of Christ as accepted at Chalcedon.
Modalism: The doctrine that the various persons of the Trinity are "modes" in which God appears. Tertullian refuted this in "Against Praxeas" Sabellians are Modalists.
The doctrine that the various persons of the Trinity are "modes" in which God appears.: Modalism
Tertullian refuted this in "Against Praxeas": Modalism (along with Patripassionism)
______________ are Modalists.: Sabellians
Sabellianism: Doctrine of Christ that says that Christ and the Father are the same. Christ is only a temporary "mode" of God. Also called Modalistic Monarchianism.
Doctrine of Christ that says that Christ and the Father are the same.: Sabellianism
Christ is only a temporary "mode" of God.: Sabellianism (also, Modalism)
Also called Modalistic Monarchianism.: Sabellianism
Monophysitism: Belief that Jesus is God, with human attributes, that is, that He has only ONE nature. Controversial issue with Eastern Orthodox Church causing lasting division. Opposition to two natures of Christ.
Belief that Jesus is God, with human attributes, that is, that He has only ONE nature.: Monophysitism
Controversial issue with Eastern Orthodox Church causing lasting division.: Monophysitism
Opposition to two natures of Christ.: Monophysitism
Eunomianism: Belief that Christ and the Father are not even similar.
Belief that Christ and the Father are not even similar.: Eunomianism
Photinianism: Belief that Christ is only man, and not God at all.
Belief that Christ is only man, and not God at all.: Photinianism
Monothelitism: Belief in Christ having one will. Jesus is God, and man, without a human will.
Belief in Christ having one will.: Monothelitism
Jesus is God, and man, without a human will.: Monothelitism
Dyothelitism: Christ having TWO wills.
Christ having TWO wills: Dyothelitism
Dynamic Monarchianism: Belief that Jesus was a man who became a god: God "adopted" the human Jesus, at His brith or baptism, as His special son and gave Him and extra measure of divine power. Dynamic Monarchianists are also called Adoptionists.
Dynamic Monarchianists are also called: Adoptionists
Adoptionists are also called: Dynamic Monarchianists
Belief that Jesus was a man who became a god: God "adopted" the human Jesus, at His brith or baptism, as His special son and gave Him and extra measure of divine power.: Dynamic Monarchianism
Donatism: Arose out of problem of "tratitoris" - those who had given over copies of scripture or in other ways caved in to persecution during time of Diocletian. Donatists insisted that the "true church" was the "Church of the Martyrs." By Augustine's time, most churches in North Africa were Donatist.
Arose out of problem of "tratitoris" - those who had given over copies of scripture or in other ways caved in to persecution during time of Diocletian.: Donatism
_______ insisted that the "true church" was the "Church of the Martyrs.": Donatists
By Augustine's time, most churches in North Africa were _____________: Donatist
Arianism: Heresy that says that Jesus is something less than God, but more than man - that Jesus as Word/Logos, was created by God before time. Christ and the Father have similar natures. Dispute that neccesitated the council of Nicea in 325.
Heresy that says that Jesus is something less than God, but more than man.: Arianism
Jesus as Word/Logos, was created by God before time.: Arianism
Christ and the Father have similar natures.: Arianism
Patripassianism: The doctrine that the Father suffered the passion. (Tertullian refuted in "Against Praxaes")
The doctrine that the Father suffered the passion.: Patripassianism
Tertullian refuted in "Against Praxaes": Patripassianism (and modalism)
Dispute that neccesitated the council of Nicea in 325.: Arianism - Heresy that says that Jesus is something less than God, but more than man - that Jesus as Word/Logos, was created by God before time. Christ and the Father have similar natures.
Two examples of monophysite churches: Coptic Orthodox and Syrian Ortodox
Coptic Orthodox and Syrian Ortodox are examples of: monophysite churches
Pelagianism: View taught by Pelagius in the late 4th/early 5th century, that says we can live good lives if we set our minds to it. We are neutral at birth, have the possibility to do good or bad, and can attain goodness and perfection.
We are neutral at birth, have the possibility to do good or bad, and can attain goodness and perfection.: Pelagianism
View taught in the late 4th/early 5th century, that says we can live good lives if we set our minds to it.: Pelagianism
We are neutral at birth: Pelagianism
We have the possibility to do good or bad, and can attain goodness and perfection.: Pelagianism

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