Unit # 8 Biology 156 Self-Test
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- The connection between structure and ___ is a basic concept of biology
- function
- Which of the following is the correct order of levels of animal structure, from least inclusive to most inclusive?
- cell, tissue, organ, organ system, organism
- The stomach is an example of:
- an organ
- Cardiac muscle is an example of:
- a tissue
- The brain, spinal cord, and nerves that extend throughout the body is an example of:
- an organ system
- A neuron is an example of:
- a cell
- Which of the following is not one of the four major categories of animal tissue?
- cardiac
- Which of the following correctly describes epithelial tissue?
- sheets of closely packed cells that cover body surfaces and line internal organs
- The side of epithelial tissue that is exposed, either to the outside of the body or to an open organ or passageway, is called the:
- free surface
- The side of epithelial tissue that is anchored to the underlying tissue is called the:
- The side of epithelial tissue that is anchored to the underlying tissue is called the:
- How are epithelial tissues named?
-
only A and B are correct
A. according to the number of cell layers they have
B. according to the shape of most of their cells - Epithelial cells that are fairly flat, like floor tiles, are called:
- squamous
- Which of the following regenerates rapidly by division of the cells at its attached surface, with new cells moving toward the free surface as older cells slough off?
- stratified squamous epithelium
- Stratified squamous epithelium is well suited for:
- lining surfaces subject to abrasion
- Which of the following epithelial tissues is thin and leaky, suitable for exchanging materials by diffusion?
- simple squamous epithelium
- Which of the following is important for absorption and secreting mucous?
- simple columnar epithelium
- Which of the following consists of a sparse population of cells scattered through an extracellular matrix?
- connective tissue
- Which of the following is NOT a type of connective tissue?
- skeletal muscle
- Which of the following connective tissues serves mainly as a binding and packing material, holding other tissues and organs in place?
- loose connective tissue
- Which of the following connective tissues contains fat?
- adipose tissue
- Which of the following connective tissues transports substances from one part of the body to another?
- blood
- Which of the following connective tissues forms a smooth surface where bones come together, and provides flexible support?
- cartilage
- Which of the following connective tissues forms tendons and ligaments?
- fibrous connective tissue
- Which of the following connective tissues provides support and a place for muscle attachment?
- bone
- Which of the following materials forms the supporting structure of your outer ears?
- cartilage
- What kind of connective tissue has a liquid matrix?
- blood
- Connective tissue is different from the other major tissue types in that:
- the cells are sparsely scattered through a nonliving matrix
- Which of the following is NOT true of a typical skeletal muscle?
- its individual cells can sustain contractions longer than smooth muscle cells can
- Which of the following distinguishes cardiac muscle from both smooth and skeletal muscle?
- its cells are branched
- The main function of muscle tissue is:
- contraction
- Which of the following types of muscle tissue is involuntary?
-
only B and C are correct
B. smooth
C. cardiac - Which of the following types of muscle can be found in the digestive tract and other internal organs?
-
only B and C are correct
B. smooth
C. cardiac - Which of the following types of muscle is branched?
- cardiac
- Which type of tissue forms a communication and coordination system within the body?
- nervous
- The structural and functional unit of nervous tissue is:
- the neuron
- Which of the following parts of the neuron contains the cell's nucleus?
- cell body
- Which of the following parts of the neuron is an extension that carries signals toward the cell body?
- dendrite
- Which of the following parts of the neuron is an extension that carries signals away from the cell body?
- axon
- Transmission of a signal from neuron to neuron is accomplished by:
- neurotransmitters
- Which of the following is present in the heart?
-
all of the above
A. muscle tissue
B. epithelial tissue
C. connective tissue
D. nervous tissue - Which of the following organ systems ingests food and breaks it down into smaller chemical units?
- digestive system
- Which of the following organ systems exchanges gases with the environment?
- respiratory system
- Which of the following organ systems supplies nutrients and oxygen to body cells, carries carbon dioxide to the lungs, and carries other wastes to other sites such as the kidneys?
- circulatory system
- Which of the following organ systems returns fluid to the blood, keeping the blood volume constant?
- lymphatic system
- Which of the following organ systems protects the body by attacking foreign substances, infectious microbes, and cancer cells?
- immune system
- Which of the following organ systems removes the nitrogen containing waste products of cellular metabolism from the blood, and voids them from the body?
- excretory system
- Which of the following organ systems secrete hormones in the blood, regulating such activities as digestion, metabolism, growth, reproduction, heart rate, and water balance?
- endocrine system
- Which of the following organ systems produce eggs and sperm, and protect and support the developing offspring?
- reproductive system
- Which of the following organ systems sends and receives signals to coordinate body activities?
- muscular system
- Which of the following organ systems moves the various parts of the body?
- muscular system
- Which of the following organ systems provides support for the body and protection of internal organs?
- skeletal system
- Which of the following organ systems protects the internal body parts from mechanical injury, infection, excessive heat or cold, and drying out?
- integumentary system
- Which two organ systems are most directly involved in regulating all other systems?
- nervous and endocrine systems
- Which of the following non-invasive imaging techniques uses X-rays to produce images of a series of thin cross sections through the body?
- computed tomography (CT)
- Which of the following non-invasive imaging techniques uses powerful magnets to align hydrogen nuclei, and a scanner to pick up radio waves from the nuclei?
- magnetic resonance imaging (MRI
- Which of the following non-invasive imaging techniques uses a scanner to measure the amount of radioactively labeled glucose taken up by metabolically active cells?
- positron-emission tomography (PET)
- Which of the following is an important challenge faced by animals?
- they cannot survive unless they can exchange materials with their environment
- The aqueous solution that surrounds body cells is called:
- interstitial fluid
- In humans, materials must pass through ___ to get from the blood to body cells or vice versa.
- interstitial fluid
- Homeostasis:
- is the maintenance of a dynamic equilibrium
- The vertebrate kidney helps to keep the acidity of the body fluids constant be varying the amount of hydrogen ions (H+) it secretes into the urine. This type of control is:
- negative feedback
- A thermostat is an example of a ___ feedback system.
- negative
- Which of the following pairs of body systems primarily regulates the activities of the other systems?
- nervous and endocrine system
- Every living cell in the human body is in contact with an internal environment consisting of
- interstitial fluid or blood
- Which of the following best illustrates homeostasis
- When oxygen in the blood decreases, you may feel light headed.