Physical Geology Lab 4 - Sedimentary Rocks
Terms
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- What are the clastic sedimentary rocks?
- conglomerate, breccia, sandstone, shale, mudstone
- What are the chemical/biochemical sedimentary rocks?
- oolitic limestone, fossiliferous limestone, chert, rock salt, rock gypsum, coal
- What is the sedimentary environment of conglomerate?
- alluvial fan, river channel, high energy beach
- What is the sedimentary environment of breccia?
- landslide deposit, crushed fault zone, glacial deposit
- What is the sedimentary environment of shale?
- lake, lagoon, flood plain, distal delta, shallow marine
- What is the sedimentary environment of mudstone?
- lake, lagoon, flood plain, distal delta, shallow marine
- What is the sedimentary environment of oolitic limestone?
- shallow marine
- What is the sedimentary environment of fossiliferous limestone?
- off-shore, warm, shallow sea with abundant marine life
- What is the sedimentary environment of chert?
- deep marine
- What is the sedimentary environment of rock salt?
- cut-off sea, warm, arid climate
- What is the sedimentary environment of rock gypsum?
- cut-off sea, warm, arid climate, associated with rock salt
- What is the sedimentary environment of coal?
- swamp
- What is the composition of conglomerate?
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-rock fragments
-mineral grains: chert, quartzite, quartz common - What is the composition of breccia?
-
-rock fragments
-mineral grains: chert, quartzite, quartz common - What is the composition of sandstone?
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-quartz, feldspar
-rock fragments in varying proportions - What is the composition of shale?
- quartz, clay minerals
- What is the composition of mudstone?
- quartz, clay minerals
- What is the difference between conglomerate and breccia?
- sedimentary environment & conglomerate (rounded grains) vs. breccia (angular grains)
- What is the difference between shale and mudstone?
- shale is laminated, mudstone is massive (no outward crystalline structure)
- What is the texture of conglomerate/breccia?
- coarse-grained, poor sorting
- What is the texture of sandstone?
- medium grained, excellent to poor sorting
- What is the texture of shale/mudstone?
- fine-grained
- What is the texture of oolitic limestone?
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-medium-grained
-excellent to poor sorting - What is the texture of fossiliferous limestone?
- poorly sorted shell and fossil fragments
- What is the texture of chert?
-
-fine-grained
-very well sorted - What is the texture of rock salt?
- fine to coarse grained
- What is the texture of rock gypsum?
-
-fine to coarse grained
-crystalline - What is the texture of coal?
- fine to coarse grained
- What is the composition of oolitic limestone?
- small calcite spheres
- What is the composition of fossiliferous limestone?
- calcerous fossil shells, calcite, clay minerals
- What is the composition of chert?
- quartz (silica)
- What is the composition of rock salt?
- halite
- What is the composition of rock gypsum?
- gypsum
- What is the composition of coal?
- preserved plant materials