OCE Test III

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Hydrocarbon seeps are common...: in the Gulf of Mexico
Which group accounts for most of the zooplankton biomass?: copepods
Organisms that cannot withstand large changes in temperature are referred to as...: stenothermal
All of the following are associated with hypersaline seeps except...: water of very high temperature.
The neritic province is associated with the continental shelf.: True
Some unusually large organisms occur at deep-sea hydrothermal vents.: True
The color pattern in which marine organisms are light on the bottom and dark on the top of their bodies is termed...: countershading
Many cetaceans can extract 90% of the oxygen from each breath: True
Neritic environments are influenced by...: seasonal salinity variations, seasonal temperature fluctuations, wave energy
The eastern side of an ocean basin tends to have greater diversity of reef-building corals than the western side.: False
A small size is advantageous for phytoplankton because it..: makes it easier for them to acquire nutrients, makes it easier for them to get rid of wastes
Neritic marine environments occur...: over continental shelves
Fish that are cruisers often have relatively high body temperature because...: it increases the power output of muscle tissue
A group of important marine autotrophs that have silicate incorporated in their cell walls are...: diatoms
The most common adaptation for living on a sediment-covered shore is...: the ability to burrow into the sediment
sea lions can be distinguished from seals because they...: have external ears
Mismatched pair: Manatee-Cetacea
The efficiency of trophic transfers in ecosystems is approximately...: 10%
The maximum sustrainable yield is best defined as...: largest catch that can be taken without overfishing
Dolphins can be distinguished from porpoises becuase...: dolphins have a curved dorsal fin, but porpoises have a triangular dorsal fin.
Most of the food eaten by most deep-sea animals is derived from primary production in the lighted, surface layer of the ocean.: True
The primary producers in hydrothermal-vent communities are...: archaea
The majority of marine species are pelagic.: False
All of the following help organisms deal with wave shock in the rocky intertidal zone except...: motile larvae
The body shape among fishes varies greatly in accordance with habitat and lifestyle. A torpedo-shaped body is found among...: fast swimming fishes
A modified circulatory system in tuna helps it...: cruise for long periods of time, maintain a relatively high body temperature, minimize heat lost, swim very fast for short periods of time
Purse seines are nets that...: surround and trap fishes
Plankton that are 2.0 to .2 um in size are called...: picoplankton
Bacteria can live in extreme environments: True
Sea otters have...: dense fur but lack an insulating blubber layer
When an organism has the same salt and water concentration as its environment, it is said to be...: isotonic
Which of the following is not an adaptation for deep diving cetaceans?: shifting blood flow from the brain to the extremities
Harmful algal blooms...: may produce toxins that affect human neurological functioning.
Not a baleen whale: Sperm Whale
Scientists think that marine mammals evolved from land-dwelling mammals: True
The relative productivity in the world's oceans ordered from most productive to least productive is...: polar waters, temperate waters, tropical waters.
Barrel-shaped animals with openings at each end for current flow are called: salps
The movement of water from an area of higher concentrations to an area of lower concentrations across a semi-permable membrane is...: osmosis
In temperate oceans during the summer months...: nutrient concentrations are low, and solar input is high
The low-tide portion of the rocky intertidal zone is dominated by...: algae and surf grasses
An organism that tolerates a wide range of salinities is referred to as...: euryhaline
Overproduction of organic matter resulting in anoxic conditions is called...: eutrophication
Nekton are restricted to particular ocean areas by...: differences in food, water pressure, salinity, temperature
The distribution of benthic biomass is related to...: primary productivity
Some fish maintin body temperatures significantly higher than the surrounding water.: True
Which set of fins are used for turning and breaking?: Pectoral and pelvic
In temperate oceans during the winter months...: nutrient concentrations are high, and solar input is low
The California gray whale is unusual because it stirs up bottom sediment in order to feed.: True
Primary productivity in tropical marine systems is limited by the amount of available solar radiations: False
Energy flow is unidirectional in ecosystems: True
The most important limiting factor in rocky intertidal communities is...: space
Planktonic organisms often have needle-like structures that...: reduce the rate at which the organism sinks
The correct heirarchical ordering of taxonomic levels from the largest to the smallest: Kingdom, phylum, class, order, family, genus, species
One adaptation for deep diving in marine mammals is an increase in heart rate during the dive: False
Animals higher in the food chain are larger than animals lower in the food chain: True
The sublittoral zone is the area...: below the intertidal zone on the continental shelf.
Sharks have lunate caudal fins: False
Ab area of the open ocean where the rate of primary productivity is very low is referred to as an...: oligotrophic area
The percentage of biomass regularly recycled in the euphotic zone is about...: 90%
All of the following are adaptive solutions employed by marine organisms to prevent sinking except...: decreasing cellular fat content
The diversity of benthic animals decreases beneather upwelling zones.: True
Streamlining in fishes reduces the energy they expend to swim: True
Tropical marine waters have the lowest rate of primary productivity in the world's ocean.: True
Productivity in polar oceans is....: light limited
Zooxanthellae are important members of hydrothermal-vent communities: False
The spray zone of the rocky shore is the area between the highest high tide and the lowest tide.: False
The seasonal temperature range in the deep ocean is usually...: negligible
A common annelid found in a sandy beach environment is the...: lugworm
High Viscosity sea water benefits floating organisms.: True
The by products of photosynthesis are carbon dioxide and water: False
Deep-sea sediment communities have extremely large numbers of species of animals.: True
The three varieties of seeps on the seafloor include hypersaline, hydrocarbon, and...: subduction zone seeps.
If 10,000 units of energy were contained in the primary producers, on average how many units of energy would expect to be transferred to the third-order consumers?: 10 units
Photosynthesis is the main source of food at hypersaline seeps.: False
The depth to which a bivalve can bury itself depends on the...: length of its siphons.
The Mysticeti include the humpback, gray, and sperm whales: False
Strategies for staying afloat in pelagic environments include having an air bladder, having lots of body fat, and being unusually dense.: False
The hadal zone is associated with deep-ocean trenches.: True
Phytoplankton are small because of predation pressure: False
Whale that is more abundant now than before whaling began: Gray Whale
Which feeding strategy involves ingesting sediment?: Deposit feeding
When compared to their warmer-water counterparts, cold-water plankton often...: are larger in size
Coral reefs contain more algal biomass than animal biomass: True
Productivity in tropical ocean is...: nutrient limited
"By catch" refers to...: non-target species that are caught along with commerical species
The buttress zone of a coral reef is likely to have which variety of coral?: massive branching corals
The caudal fin of fast cruising fish such as tuna is...: lunate
The symbiotic relationship in which one organism benefits and the other is unaffected is...: commensalism
Correctly link a discriptor with a life style...: nekton-swimming
Corals with delicate skeletons are usually found...: on the reef slope
Male fiddler crabs use their enlarged claw to: attract a mate
Some muscle fiber is abundanct in fish that are curisers, but white muscle fiber is abundant in those that are lungers: True
The mass present at a given time of a population of fish is called its...: standing stock.
Members of the phylum Cnidaria have stinging cells: True
The largest yield of commerical fish comes from...: coastal areas
Which of the following factors does not limit coral growth?: High concentrations of calcium carbonate in the water

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