science earthquakes
Terms
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- describe divergent boundaries
- plates spreading,create ocean ridges rift valleys
- name an example of continental volcaninc arc and name volcanin island arc
- Andes. Aleutian Islands
- Earthquakes are common in specific areas of the globe. What causes these patterns in earthquake activity
- Plate boundaries.
- ex. transform
- San Andreas Fault
- what is lithosphere
- the cool solid outer shell of the earth that consists of the crust and uppermost part of mantle broken into plates
- what is the difference btw the focus of the earthquake and its epicenter
- the epicenter is where it happened on the surface of the earth above the focus of an earthquake and the focus is where the rupture of an earthquake begins and energy is released
- what does information on seismogram tell scientists where earthquakes occur and how to locate epicenter
- seismogram is paper the earth vibrations are on and by taking 3 seismograms and find the point where the circles intersect
- describe transform
- plates sliding past one and another
- What evidence is there to support the theory of Plate Tectonics
- The heat inside the earth and plate techtonics.
- what are P-waves
- primary earthquake wave that travels thru body of earth. straight, fast, harmless
- describe convergent
- plates colliding
- whar are S-waves
- Secondary earthquake waves that move side to side, slower than p-waves, destructive, can't go thru liquid
- what is asthenosphere, describe consistency
- the layer of the mantle that lies directly below the lithosphere and flows like taffy. The asthenosphere is made up of cool rocks and capable of moving.
- ex; divergent
- Mid-Atlantaic Ridge, East Pacific Ridge
- what are aftershocks
- An earthquake wave that follows the main shock of an earthquake
- what is a fault
- a fracture in bedrock, along which blocks of rock on opposite sides of the fracture move
- list 4 pieces of evidence that supported the fact that Pangea existed
- 1.shorelines of different continents seem to match 2. Mountain ranges of similar age and structure wer now located on separate continents. 3. Fossil animals were found on separate continents 4. scratches on glaciers line up across oceans
- What is Pangea
- the theory that continents were once united in one "supercontinent" 50 million years ago
- How are the inner and outer core the same? how are they different
- . They both contain iron but the outer core is fluid and the inner core is solid also the inner core is a little bit thicker.
- what is seafloor spreading? where does it occur
- .Where the spreading and upwelling of magma makes new oceanic lithosphere. This occurs at underwater divergent plate boundaries
- what are surface waves
- an earthquake wave that travels on or near the surface of the earth. most destructive and slowest
- what are 2 types of lithosphere and how do they differ in composition,density,thickness
- The rigid upper mantle and the crust. The upper mantle is more dense and thick than the crust and the upper mantle is rigid and the crust is relatively soft
- ex. convergent
- Himalyas, Andes, Cascade Range, Ring of fire, Japan, Mariana Trench, Alusian Islands
- what is an earthquake
- vibrations in the earth caused by the sudden release of energy,usually as a result of the movements of rocks along a fault
- What instrument is used to measure earthquake activity
- seismograph
- explain the movement of magma on earth. What causes it to rise to the surface
- The movement of magma is caused by plate techtonics. Volcanoes cause it to rise to the surface.