AP ART HISTORY TERMS
Terms
undefined, object
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- temple
- an edifice or place dedicated to the service or worship of a deity or deities.
- Palette
- a thin and usually oval or oblong board or tablet with a thumb hole at one end, used by painters for holding and mixing colors
- Sumer
- civilization and a historical region located in southern Iraq (Mesopotamia), known as the Cradle of civilization. It lasted from the first settlement of Eridu in the Ubaid period (late 6th millennium BC) through the Uruk period (4th millennium BC) and the Dynastic periods (3rd millennium BC) until the rise of Babylon in the early 2nd millennium BC. The term "Sumerian" applies to all speakers of the Sumerian language.
- neolithic
- Paintings showed up ABOVEGROUND. the "new" stone age pertaining to, or characteristic of the last phase of the Stone Age, marked by the domestication of animals, the development of agriculture, and the manufacture of pottery and textiles
- low relief
- Sculptural relief that projects very little from the background.
- Persia
- Also called Persian Empire. an ancient empire located in W and SW Asia: at its height it extended from Egypt and the Aegean to India; conquered by Alexander the Great 334-331
- menhirs
- large upright standing stone. Menhirs may be found singly as monoliths
- Amarna period
- The Eighteenth Dynasty (1550-1292 BC) is perhaps the best known of all the dynasties of ancient Egypt. As well as a number of Egypt's most powerful pharaohs, it included Tutankhamun. It is sometimes known as the Thutmosid Dynasty because all four of the Thutmosis pharaohs ruled well
- hatshepsut
- was the fifth pharaoh of the eighteenth dynasty of Ancient Egypt. She is generally regarded by Egyptologists as one of the most successful pharaohs, reigning longer than any other woman of an indigenous Egyptian dynasty.
- Ka
- a spiritual entity, an aspect of the individual, believed to live within the body during life and to survive it after death
- Votive statue
- These were left in temples to represent Sumerian men and women who left prayers at the temple.
- Egyptology
- the scientific study of Egyptian antiquities
- capitals
- The top part of a pillar or column
- engaged columns
- a column embedded in a wall and partly projecting from the surface of the wall
- Assyria
- An ancient empire and civilization of western Asia in the upper valley of the Tigris River
- Corbelling
- A corbel arch is constructed by offsetting successive courses of stone at the springline of the walls so that they project towards the archway's center from each supporting side, until the courses meet at the apex of the archway
- twisted perspective
- the upper half of the body is in a frontal pose (facing forward), while the lower half is in profile view (side view [like in action - walking]).
- Babylon
- an ancient city of SW Asia, on the Euphrates River, famed for its magnificence and culture: capital of Babylonia and later of the Chaldean empire
- Incising
- To cut into, as with a sharp instrument
- hypostyle hall
- has a flat ceiling which is supported by columns
- cromlechs
- prehistoric monument consisting of monoliths encircling a mound.
- Heraldic grouping
- when a human or an object is in the center of a work of art ---> animals surronding it
- architecterture of mass
- solid structure of mass
- lamassu
- winged bulls and lions with the heads of human males
- optical view
- what something realistically looks like
- imhotep
- Egyptian physician sage and architect who had a godlike status
- faience
- glazed earthenware or pottery, esp. a fine variety with highly colored designs
- Agricultural revolution
- a significant change in agriculture that occurs when there are discoveries, inventions, or new technologies that change production
- mastaba
- an ancient Egyptian tomb made of mud brick, rectangular in plan with sloping sides and a flat roof
- Bronze Age
- a period in the history of humankind, following the Stone Age and preceding the Iron Age, during which bronze weapons and implements were used.
- Controlled space
- controlleing the space - enivroment - with an enclosure, wall, stone compostie animals. --- "controlled" space = controlled society, which was important back then
- ziggurat
- A temple tower of the ancient Assyrians and Babylonians, having the form of a terraced pyramid of successively receding stories.
- iron age
- the period in the history of humankind, following the Stone Age and the Bronze Age, marked by the use of implements and weapons made of iron.
- hierarchy of scale
- artistic convention in which greater size indicates greater importance
- radiocarbon dating
- the determination of the age of objects of organic origin by measurement of the radioactivity of their carbon content
- Akhenaton
- was a Pharaoh of the Eighteenth dynasty of Egypt, who died 1336 BC or 1334 BC. He is especially noted for attempting to compel the Egyptian population in the monotheistic worship of Aten, although there are doubts as to how successful he was at this
- nemes
- the striped headcloth worn by pharaohs in ancient Egypt
- composite figure
- half man half animal
- crenelations
- distinctive pattern that frames the tops of the walls of many medieval castles, often called battlements. Crenellation most commonly takes the form of multiple, regular, rectangular spaces cut out of the top of the wall to allow defenders spaces to shoot arrows from and other spaces to hide behind full cover.
- Stele
- an upright stone slab or pillar bearing an inscription or design and serving as a monument, marker, or the like.
- post and lintel
- structure consisting of vertical beams (posts) supporting a horizontal beam (lintel)
- cuneiform
- composed of slim triangular or wedge-shaped elements, as the characters used in writing by the ancient Akkadians, Assyrians, Babylonians, Persians, and others
- gold leaf
- Metal leaf, also called composition leaf or schlagmetal, is a thin foil used for decoration. Metal leaf can come in many different shades. Some metal leaf may look like gold leaf but does not contain any real gold. This is often referred to as imitation leaf.
- votive
- offered, given, dedicated
- Persepolis
- an ancient capital of Persia: its imposing ruins are in S Iran,
- Conceptual view
- what you concieve something to look like
- Paleolithic
- UNDERGROUND cave paintings, twisted perspective. the "old" stoneage during which humankind produced the first sculptures and paintings
- Stylized
- Extremely formal or stylized, as in a work of art.
- henge
- same as cromlech -- a circle of monoliths
- spninx
- mythological figure which is depicted as a recumbent lion with a human head
- necropolis
- historic or prehistoric burial ground
- Fertile Cresecent
- an area in the Middle and Near East: formerly fertile, now partly desert.
- pharaohs
- A king of ancient Egypt
- hieroglyphics
- Of, relating to, or being a system of writing, such as that of ancient Egypt, in which pictorial symbols are used to represent meaning or sounds or a combination of meaning and sound.
- uraeus
- the stylized upright form of ana egyptian spitting cobra
- lapis lazuli
- An opaque to translucent blue, violet-blue stone from Afganistan. what ever nation had it = wealth . afganistan was far away, sign of prospierity
- canon of proportions
- an idealized mathematical system for depictions of the human body
- mesopotamia
- Core of a region called "the fertile crescent" gave birth to worlds great modern faiths - judaism, christinaity, and islam. an ancient region in W Asia between the Tigris and Euphrates rivers: now part of Iraq.
- silhouette
- an outline filled with solid color
- post and lintel construciton
- a horizontal member (the lintel—or header) is supported by two vertical posts at either end.