Middle East
Terms
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- dhimmis
- other religions who paid the jizya
- the alhambra
- A Moorish building in Granada
- medina
- where mudhammad went before conquering Mecca
- Suffis and Whirling Dervishes
- They wanted to get a more individual connection to Allah, so they danced until they fell into trances
- hajj
- Pilgrimage to Mecca, try to at least once
- baghdad
- The capital of the Abbasid dynasty, and the place of the story
- Islam
- A religion to worship Allah. The holy book is the Koran, it contained the teachings of Muhammad, the final prophet and served as a guide to conduct
- black stone of mecca
- The sacred box containing the stone that Muslims worship to.
- Umayyad Dynasty
- tried to take Constantinople, lost the battle of tours in France by Charles Martel
- hegira
- The flight told Muhammad about the new religion and told him to go to Medina. The calendar begins here
- Abassid Dynasty
- 750-1258. Built a new capital at Baghdad. They had a golden age and had many scholars.
- jizya
- the tax that non-Muslims would have to pay
- arabic numerals
- They could write the numbers 1-9
- Quran
- the holy book of islam
- muslims
- of the islamic faith
- Charles Martel
- defeated the Muslims at the battle of tours.
- dome of the rock
- Another example of Moorish architecture in 691 in Jerusalem.
- universities
- The schools were first developed by Muslims. They studied medicine, math, science and more. Used many Greek ideas
- the rubaiyat
- A love poem by Omar Khayyam. It is very long and still taught today
- muslim calendar
- starts at the hegira
- prayer
- towards Mecca on a prayer rug
- mecca
- The city where Muhammad was from and was then conquered by him and established as the center of Islam.
- caliph
- religious leader
- Allah
- the god of Islam
- the arabian nights
- The story of how the woman kept him going until he fell in love....
- Abu Bakr
- 1st Caliph and ordered the writing of the Koran
- mawali
- people who converted to avoid the tax.
- mosque
- the worshiping building
- omar khayyam
- Wrote the Rubaiyat
- bedouins
- nomads from the middle east
- Islamic Scholars
- Used much of the wisdom of the Greeks and Romans
- islamic art
- They did not draw people. Paintings and sculptures from the Koran were most popular, and also Calligraphy.
- Jihad
- the struggle, against evil within yourself to improve or against enemies of islam.
- alms
- caring for the poor
- theocracy
- government by religion
- sultan
- political leader
- Moors
- spanish muslims
- the crusades
- The wars fought to win the Holy Land.
- Arabic Language
- It helped unify the Muslims because the Koran was written in Arabic
- Muhammad
- Bedouin merchant from Mecca, 570-632, in 610 he retreated to a cave and was enlightened to make the hegira, 622 to Medina and then finally returned to Mecca in 630 and he conquered the city.
- the whole land
- jerusalem
- veiling
- Purdah. Used by women because they needed to be covered.
- ulama
- Religious scholars and they had great power
- 5 Pillars
- Profession of faith, prayer towards Mecca on a prayer rug, Alms- caring for the poor, fasting- not eating, pilgrimage- the Hajj
- persian carpets
- They had the Persian carpets for prayer rugs as well as they were decorated
- ramadam
- this was the month that the Koran was revealed to Muhammad. Fasting from dawn to dusk.
- seljuck turks
- They came and converted to Islam and ruled for a century. The Abbasids officially ruled by had no power. By mid- 1100's the Turks grew weak from internal rivalries
- moguls
- Mongols lead by Genghis Khan and united tribes by conquest. The golden horde was the army. They terrorized people into surrendering.