Chapter 2 - Ancient Near East Art
Terms
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- temple
- a place dedicated to the service or worship of a diety or dieties
- fertile crescent
- a region of the MIddle East arching across the norther part of the Syrian Desert and extending from the Nile Valley to the Tigris and Euphrates rivers.
- stylized
- to design in or cause to conform to a particular style, as of representation or treatment in art
- stele
- a carved stone slab used to mark gravevs or to commemorate historical events
- corbel
- a projecting wall member used as a support for some element in the superstructure, courses of stone or brick in which each course projects beyond the one beneath it
- lamassu
- Assyrian guardian in the form of a man-headed winged bull
- ziggurat
- in ancient Mesopotamian architecture, a monumental platform for a temple
- cuneiform
- a system of writing used in ancient Mesootamia, in which wedge-shaped characters were produced b pressing a stylus into a soft clay tablet, which was then baked or otherwise hardened
- register
- one of a series of superimposed bands or friezes in a pictorial narrative, or the particular levels on which motifs are placed
- votive statue
- an offering or gift of gratitude to a deity
- composite figure
- a figure combining the body parts of different animals or humans. A lamassu is an example
- architecture of mass
- architecture that is dense and heavy
- prehistory
- speaking in accordance to art made before written history it is unkknown exactly when a work of art was made.
- paleolithic
- (stone age) first types of art, such as cave painting, were made several millennia after 30000 BCE
- neolithic
- (new stone age) paintings of profile with some detail due to composite view and twisted perspective
- archeology
- study of material remains
- anthropology
- study of man according to origin, relationship of race, classification, phys character, culture and environment and social relations
- strict profile
- just profile - not frontal view of any part of the body
- free standing
- a sculpture that is isolated or standing alone because it isn't connected to another sculpture
- relief
- carved into a large piece of material or wall
- BCE
- before common era
- CE
- common era
- silhouette
- an outline or shadow
- rediocarbon dating
- technology which tests the carbon in a work of art to find how long ago it was made
- landscape
- a realistic picture of nature. Usually containing foreground, middleground and background
- megalith
- used in structures
- monolith
- column
- mega & monolith
- huge stones used in important prehistoric structures monolith is used in megolith structure
- henge (cromlech)
- a circle of monoliths
- sarsen
- large sandstone blocks that are found in South-central Eng. AKA: druid stone, grayweather
- lintels
- a stone 'beam' used to span an opening
- form
- line, shape, color, texture, space
- composition
- organization of arangement - foreground middleground background
- content/context
- subject matter/meaning socially, economically, politically, religiously
- balance
- an object and its contrasting object
- iconography
- pictoral representation of something or many somethings
- period style
- relaties to time
- egyptology
- the study of ancient egypt and egyptian antiquitie, as well as its geography
- heraldic grouping
- symmetrical on either side of a figure
- predynastic egypt
- egypt before writing, prehistoric egypt
- palette
- stone slab with a ditch for preparing makeup
- compostie view
- some parts of a figure are shown with frontal view, others not.
- mastaba
- ancient egypt rectangular brick structure with sloping sides erecting over a subterranean tomb chamber
- mummification
- technique used by ancient egyptians to preserve human bodies so that they may serve as the eternal home of the immortal
- necropolis
- 'city of the dead' a large burial area or cemetary
- columns, engaged columns
- a verticle, weight - carrying architectural member circular in eross-section and consisting of a base, shaft and capitals
- capitals
- the uppermost part of a column serving as a transition from the shaft to the lintel
- ashlar masonry
- carefully cut and regularly shaped blocks of stone used in construction, fitted together w/o mortar.
- sarcophagus
- coffin, usually of stone
- uraeus
- the royal cobra found on the ??
- bilaterally symmetrical
- a composition or plan in which the parts are the same on either side of an axis
- abrasion
- the rubbing or grinding of stone or another material to produce a smooth finish
- hieroglyphic writing
- a system of writing using symbols or pictures
- conceptual vs. optical approach
- how something would actually stand in space. Conceptual shows all important parts and what is known to be true of the subject.
- canon of proportions
- idea of beauty being of correct proportion
- hypostyle hall
- a hall with root supported by columns
- fluted columns
- vertical chanelling, semicirular in cross-section
- pillars
- weight carrying member
- colonnades
- a series or row of columns usually spread by lintels
- atlantids
- male figure that functions as a supporting column
- caryatids
- female figure that functions as a supporting column
- pylons
- monumental entrance into an egyptian temple
- fresco seco
- painting on lime plaster either dry or wet
- imhotep
- the royal builder for king djoser - and pharoahs chancellor
- clerestory
- a portion of an interior rising above adjacent rooftops