Earth Science Final Exam 2
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- What are the branches of Earth Science?
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Geology
Oceanography
Meteorology
Astronomy - What is Geology
- The study of the origin, history and structure of the solid earth.
- What is Oceanography?
- The study of the earth's oceans
- What is Meteorology?
- The study of the earth's atmosphere
- What is Astronomy?
- The study of the universe beyond the earth.
- Why is Earth Science important?
- To help scientist better predict potential disasters andhelp us understand the past and finally the understand the valuable resources that the earth provides.
- What are the steps of the scientific method?
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State the problem
Gather Information
Form a hypothesis
Test the hypothesis
State a conclusion - What is the Big Bang theory?
- a theory that the origin of the universe came from a sudden event called the big bang and sent all the mattern and energy hurtling outward in a giant cloud, that evolved into the universe.
- What evidence supports the Big Bang theory?
- the red shift in the spectrum of the galaxies
- What is an example of a non biodegradable waste product?
- a plastic milk jug
- What is a possible explanation for a scientific problem called?
- a hypothesis
- The observation of what began the development of the meteorite-impact hypothesis?
- iridium in earth rocks
- What is a law?
- a statment that consistently and correctly describes some natural phenomenon
- What is the apparent change in the wavelengths of a moving energy source called?
- the Doppler effect
- Scientists have found that has a light source moves toward a stationary observer, the wavelength of the light source appears________.
- shorter
- What is the shape of the earth?
- oblate spheroid
- What is the hydrosphere?
- all the earth's water
- What is atmosphere?
- a blanket of gases that surround the earth
- How do we study the earth's interior?
- using indirect methods such as studying seismic waves
- What are the zones?
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inner core
outer core
mantle
crust - What types of seismic waves are there and how are they different?
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Primary waves-travel through liquids, solids and gases
Secondary waves-travel only through solids - What is the magnetosphere? Describe it
- the region os space which is affected by the earth's magnetic field
- What is the law of gravitation?
- states that the force of attraction between any teo objects depends upon their masses and the distance between them.
- What is a rotation? What is a revolution?
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The earth's spinning movement on its axis is a rotation.(this takes 1 day)
The eaths movement around the son is called a revolution (this takes 1 year) - Why are time zones important?
- Because time is based on the location of the sun and the sun appears at different locations in the sky at different times. Therefore we have times zones to account for the different times in different places.
- What are the types of satellites and how are they different?
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geosynchronous orbit- a satellite in orbit directly above the earth's equator and moving in the direction of the earth's rotation.
Polar orbit- a satellite in orbit over the earth's North and South poles and surveys different parts of the earth during the earths revolution. - What is latitude?
- the angular distance north or south of the equator.
- What is longitude?
- angular distance measured in degrees east or west of the Prime Meridian
- What is a topographic map?
- A map that shows the surface features of the earth
- What do lines close together on a topographic map mean?
- That change in elevation is rapid and slope is steep.
- What is a physical property?
- Characteristics that can be observed without changing the composition of the substance.
- What is a chemical property?
- Characteristics that describe how a substance interacts with other substances to produce different kinds of matter.
- What is an atom?
- the smallest of an element and has all the properties of that element
- What is a molecule?
- the smallest complete unit of a compound
- What is the difference between covalent and ionic bonds?
- Covalent bonds share electrons and Ionic bond is when one atoms gives up an electron to another atom