Study Cards for 6th Grade Science Final Exam
Terms
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- Matter
- Has volume and takes up space
- Weight
- The pull of gravity on an object
- Why does ice float?
- It is less dense than water.
- Properties of Matter
- Mass, Volume, Density
- Density
-
Mass divided by Volume
M / V - Metric unit for volume
- Liter
-
Solid vs. Liquid
Which has the higher density? - Solid
- Wind
- The horizontal movement of air from an area of high pressure to an area of low pressure
- Coriolis Effect
- The way the Earth's rotation makes winds curve
- Jet Stream
- Bands of high speed winds located about 10 kilometers above Earth's surface
- Ozone layer
- Part of Earth's atmosphere that filters out the harmful rays of the sun
- Troposhere
- Part of the atmosphere on Earth where we live and where our weather occurs.
- Carbon Dioxide
- Causes heat to build up in the atmosphere.
- Winds
- Winds are named for the direction they are blowing to.
- Gases in Earth's Atmosphere
- Nitrogen 78% and Oxygen 21%
- Causes of wind
- Winds are caused by the sun heating the Earth differently around the world.
- Movement of Air
- Air tends to move from high pressure to low pressure areas.
- Air flow near the water
- During the day the air will flow from the sea to the land. At night, cooler air moves from the land to the sea.
- Potential energy
-
The energy of position.
Example: Wound up spring or marble at the top of a ramp - Fossil Fuels
- Coal, Oil, Natural Gas
- Energy
- The ability to do work.
- Kinetic energy
-
The energy of motion.
Example: Moving car or boy running - Geothermal energy
- Uses energy from inside the Earth.
- Thermal energy
- Heat energy which could be collected on solar panels.
- Light energy
- A photovoltaic cell (used on calculators)uses this type of energy from the sun to power the source.
- Chesapeake Bay
- Largest ESTUARY in the United States. 24,000 sq miles of watershed. Habitat to 3,600 species
- Polar Ice Caps
- Located at the 'top' and 'bottom' of the Earth at the poles
- Phases of the moon
- New moon, waxing crescent, first quarter, waxing gibbous, full moon, waning gibbous, third quarter, waning crescent.
- Rotation vs Revolution
- Rotation - spinning around an axis - Earth does this every 24 hours. Revolution - revolving around an object - Earth revolves around the Sun every 365 days.
- Safety symbols
-
Eye safety - goggles
Electrical safety - plug
Poison - skull and crossbones - SUN
- Beginning energy source in all food chains (and webs)
- Metric base units (SI)
-
Volume - liter
Mass - gram
Length - meter
Temperature - Celcius - Instruments
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Mass - triple beam balance
Volume - graduated cylinder
Length - metric ruler/meter stick
Temperature - thermometer - Solar cells
- Turn sunlight into electricity
- EARTH's movement
-
Rotation - days
Tilt - seasons
Revolution - years - Measuring weather (instruments)
-
Temperature - thermometer
Wind - anemometer
Air pressure - barometer
Air movements - satellites
Psychrometer - humidity - Clouds
-
Cirrus - wispy
Stratus - layered
Cumulus - puffy
Nimbus - rain - Water cycle
-
Precipitation - rain, snow, sleet (liquid)
Condensation - dew, clouds (gas to liquid)
Evaporation - rising into air (liquid to gas)
Transpiration - water into atmosphere from leaves of plants (liq to gas) - Space exploration
-
Manned ships to the moon.
Unmanned ships to Venus, Mars, Jupiter - Planets
- Mercury, Venus, Earth, Mars, Jupiter, Saturn, Uranus, Neptune, Pluto
- Solar System
- Sun, planets, asteroids
- Electromagnetic spectrum
- Different frequencies on this spectrum tell scientists many things about this universe
- General kinds of energy (2)
- Kinetic and potential
- Lightning
- Areas of positive and negative charges build up in storm clouds
- Major problems in the Chesapeake Bay
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Pollution - sediment, nutrient, air, toxic
Overfishing
Sprawl - overpopulation of people and construction - Renewable vs Nonrenewable energy sources
-
Renewable - solar, wind, geothermal,biomass, hydro, ocean
Nonrenewable - oil, natural gas, coal, uranium - Causes of endangerment or extinction
- HABITAT DESTRUCTION, overfishing, poaching
- Biodiversity
- A large number of different species living in one area
- Earth's water
- 97% salt, 3% fresh
- Fresh water
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Ice 76%
Groundwater 23%
Lakes and rivers 0.34%
Water vapor 0.037% -
Wetlands
Watershed -
wet land - swamps, marshes, bogs (soaks up water)
Watershed - LAND where the water runs off into a large body of water - Permeable vs Impermeable
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Permeable - water can pass through (dirt, grass)
Impermeable - water runs off (pavement, roofs) - Runoff
- Causes major problems in polluting the waterways
- BMPs
- Best Management Practices - things you can do to help keep the water clean
- Estuary
- A semi enclosed body of water where the fresh water meets the salt water and becomes brackish