Science Spring Final Review
Chapters 7-10,12,13, and some of 19-20.
Terms
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- by cooling magma, contact metamorphisism, and by moving water
- How do Ores form (3)?
- an area where no waves can be detected
- What is a Shadow Zone?
- to find absolute age
- What are index fossils used for?
- The intrusions are younger than layers around the intrustion
- What does the Law of Cross Cutting Relationships say?
- layers on the bottom are older than the layers on the top
- What is the Law of Super Position?
- Alfred Wegener
- Who thought of continental drift?
- minerals mined for a profit
- What are Ores?
- Peat, Lignite, Bituminous, and Anthracite.
- What are the stages of Coal (youngest stage to oldest stage)?
- half-life
- What is the scientific name for 1/2 of a daughter isotope?
- Body and Surface waves
- What are the 2 main types of seismic waves?
- Surface waves
- Which is more dangerous, body or surface waves?
- Because it's made of living things.
- Why is coal a fossil fuel?
- mafic and felsic
- What are the 2 types of magma
- Climate, fossil, and rock formations.
- What were Alfred Wegener's 3 supporting reasons for Continental Drift?
- subsurface, Surface, Placer, and Undersea.
- Ways Ores are mined (4)?
- The Richter Scale and Moment Magnitude
- What 2 scales are used to measure magnitude?
- Continental Margin and Deep-ocean basin
- What are the 2 main parts of the ocean?
- Seismogram
- What traces the earthquake?
- The magnetic properties of rock
- What is Paleomagnetism?
- mummification, amber, tar seeps, freezing, and petrification
- What are the 5 types fossils form?
- 4.6 billion years
- How old is the Earth?
- the sun
- What is an example of nuclear fission?
- global ocean
- What is all 5 ocean together called now?
- Rate of erosion, rate of deposition, and the Varve count
- What are some absolute Dating methods?
- a footprint
- What is an example of a Trace fossil?
- Convergent, Divergent, and Transform
- What are the 3 different types of Plate Boundaries?
- James Hutton
- Who came up with the idea of uniformitarianism?
- Shield, Cinder Cone, and Composite
- Name the 3 types of volcanoes?
- Focus
- What is the point where a earthquake happnes underground?
- PreCambrian, Paleozoic, Mesozoic, and Cenozoic
- What are the era's in oldest to youngest?
- half-life, isotopes, and carbon dating
- Waht are the 3 types of Radiometric Dating?
- molds/casts, imprints, coproliths, and gastroliths
- What are the 4 types of fossils?
- Elastic Rebound
- What is it called when deformed rock snaps back to it's original place?
- triangulations
- How do we find the epicenter now?
- an atom with a different number of newtrons.
- What is an isotope?
- mantle convection
- What is the main reason for the plates moving?
- geothermal energy, solar, moving water, biomass, and wind energy.
- What examples of renewable power sources? (5)
- magnesium
- What mineral is mafic magma high in?
- Modified Mercalli's Intensity Scale
- What measures the Intensity of an earthquake?
- Normal polarity and Reverse Polarity
- What are the 2 different polarities?
- feldspar
- What mineral is felsic magma high in?
- Seismograph
- What is the actual machine that records earthquakes?
- rifting
- When a piece of a continent breaks off it's called _____?
- no
- Can S-waves go through solids and liquids?
- terraine
- Where one area has a different history than the other area is called _____.
- distance=rate x time divided by 2
- Waht is the equation to find the depth of an ocean?
- At hot spots and plate boundaries
- What are the 2 areas they can happen?
- seismic gap
- What is it called when an area has a lot of past earthquakes but none recently?
- epicenter
- What is it called where the earthquake is felt above ground?
- The resistance to flow
- What is viscosity?
- yes
- Can P-waves go through solids and liquids?
- Petroleum
- What is the substance mined out of the oceans?
- the measure of effects on an area
- What is Intensity?
- sedimentary rocks left undisturbed will remain horizontal layers.
- What is the Principle of Original Horizontality?
- Ash, dust, lapilli, volcanic bombs, and volcanic blocks.
- What are the 5 types of pyroclastic material (smallest to largest)?
- How strong the earthquake is
- What is Magnitude?
- Absolute age
- What is the numeric way of finding the age of rocks, relative or absolute?