Ch. 18 Industrial Revolution
A study guide from a chapter on the industrial revolution in a high school course of World History.
Terms
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- Railroads
- Replaced canals.
- Religion
- "drug" used by ruling class to keep workers in subjection.
- Curie
- Studied radiation.
- Wright
- Invented airplane - 1903 - first flight.
- Factory Act of 1833
- Limited hours of child labor.
- Marx
- Communism - wrote the - Communist Manifesto - workers unite to oppose.
- Tall
- drill or planter - not "casting"
- Owen
- Utopian Socialism - establish proper environment, education, no social evils - greed, hatred.
- Capitalism
- Individual ownership of means of production for profit.
- Townshend
- crop rotation & new crops - turnips, clover - animal food.
- Reform Bill of 1832
- Voting reform - increased voters by 50%, lowered property qualifications - power shifted away from landowners - 1884 - all adult males.
- Ford
- Invented affordable automobile - 1908 - Model T.
- Edison
- Invented light bulb, phonograph, motion picture projection
- Reform Bill of 1847
- 10 hour work day.
- Fulton
- Invented steamship - mid 1800's.
- Enclosure Movement
- open fields used by small farmers were fenced for large owners.
- Spurgeon
- "Prince of Preachers"
- Bourgeoisie
- Middle class - business owners, professionals, bankers.
- Wilberforce
- Anti-slavery reform; 1807 end of slave trade; 1833 end of slavery.
- Watt
- Invented steam engine.
- Smith
- wrote - Wealth of Nations - laissez faire - government should not interfere with business trade.
- Moody
- Evangelist brought revival - ministry continues.
- Disraeli
- Tory - public health. foreign policy.
- Mendeleev
- Organized chemical elements into periodic table.
- Textile Industry
- Industrial revolution begin in this industry. Spinning, weaving, preparation of raw cotton improved. Machines invented and they used water power, then steam power.
- Gladstone
- Liberal - domestic reforms, national court, secret ballot, education.
- YMCA - Young Men's Christian Association
- Help youth in city - spiritual, educational, social, sports.
- Darwin
- Origin of Species and The Decent of Man
- Socialism
- Government ownership of means of production & distribution of goods for welfare of society.
- Queen Victoria
- 1837 - 1900 - set moral & political values.
- Booth
- Salvation Army - help meet physical needs of poor, then spiritual.
- Factory System
- production done in large buildings with large machines, more workers, raw materials.
- Dickens
- English - social injustices in society - Oliver Twist, A Christmas Carol, A Tale of Two Cities.
- Whitney
- Invented cotton gin, machine could do the work of 50 people.
- Domestic System
- Production done in home with hand tools.
- Industrial Revolution
- use of power driven machines to produce goods - not hand tools. Began in Britain.
- Proletariat
- Working class - factory workers, farm workers.
- Dalton
- Formulated atomic theory.
- Tolstoy
- Russian - War and Peace - Napoleonic wars
- Corn Laws
- Kept price of grain high, helped landowners, hurt consumers, 1846 repealed.
- laissez faire
- Government should not interfere with business & trade.
- Einstein
- E=mc2 relationship of matter & energy; theory of relativity.
- Twain
- Clemons - American - used humor to convey ideas Huckleberry Finn, Tom Sawyer