GA8-7-06
Terms
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copy deck
- Unicate Process
- area on cervical vertebrae prone to bony growths such as osteophytes that can impinge spinal nerve adjacent to it
- Central Line
- the introduction of a catheter into a vein and extending it to the central part of the body (the heart)
- Borders of the Posterior Triange of the neck
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Anterior-SCM
Posterior-Trapezius
Inferior-Middle 1/3 of clavicle - Contents of Posterior Triangle of Neck
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Veins-external jugular and subclavian
Arteries-subclavian, transverse cervical, suprascapular, occipital
Nerves-spinal accessor, great auricular, transverse cervical, supraclavicular
Inferior belly of omohyoid - Fascia
- dense connective tissue that surrounds muscles and is found in between muscles
- Floor muscles of Posterior Triangle of Neck
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Anterior scalene
Middle scalene
Posterior scalene
Levator scapulae (with spinal accessory nerve crossing it)
Splenius capitus - What nerve supplies SCM?
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spinal accessory (CN XI)
This nerve also supplies trapezius. - Torticollis
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"wry-neck"
Spasm of SCM - Platysma
-
muscle of facial expression
-Found in superficial fascia of neck - Prevertebral Fascia
- -forms the facial floor of posterior triangle of neck
- Transverse cervical vein
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-tributary of subclavian vein
-runs with transverse cervical artery - Suprascapular vein
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-tributary of subclavian vein
-runs with suprascapular artery - What nerve is the most iatrogenically injured?
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-spinal accessory nerve
-often injured taking biopsy of lymph nodes - Internal Jugular Vein
- drains the upper head
- Subclavian vein
- drains the brachium or upper limb
- Right brachiocephalic vein
- formed by union of IJV and subclavian vein
- 3 Branches off Aortic Arch (in sequence)
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1. Brachiocephalic artery or trunk--> gives rise to right subclavian and right common carotid
2. Left common carotid artery
3. Left subclavian artery - Branches of Subclavian Artery
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1. Vertebral Arteries
2. Thyrocervical Trunk (Inferior thyroid artery, transverse cervical artery, suprascapular arteries) - 3 Parts of Subclavian (as divided by anterior scalene)
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1st part = proximal to anterior scalen
2nd part = posterior to anterior scalene
3rd part = distal/lateral to anterior scalene - Thyrocervical Trunk
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-branch off proximal part of the subclavian artery
-gives rise to transverse cervical and a suprascapular artery - 3 Parts of Axillary Artery (as divided by pectoralis minor)
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1st part = proximal to pectoralis minor
2nd part = posterior to pectoralis minor
3rd part = distal/lateral to pectoralis minor - Ventral rami in cervical region
- like in between ribs --> called "intercostal nerves"
- Cervical Plexus
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-Formed by ventral rami C1-C4
-5 Parts (Phrenic nerve, 4 cutaneous nerves [greater auricular, lesser occipital, transverse cervical, supraclavicular], sensory or proprioceptive contributions of spinal accessory nerve) - Phrenic Nerve
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-part of cervical plexus
-arises from C3,C4, C5 (3-4-5, keeps the diaphragm alive)
-innervates respiratory diaphragm
-runs across anterior surface of SCM
-can be crushed to alleviate chronic hiccups
-approached surgically through posterior triangle of neck - Nerve Point
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-lies at junction between superior 1/3 and inferior 2/3 on posterior border of SCM
-cutaneous and spinal accessory nerves pass into the posterior triangle here - 4 cutaneous branches of cervical plexus
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1. greater auricular
2. lesser occipital
3. transverse cervical
4. supraclavicular - Borders of Axilla
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Medial = serratus anterior
Posterior = subscapularis
Anterior = pectoralis major/minor
Lateral = intertubercular groove - Contents of Axilla
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-Subclavian artery
-Subclavian vein
-Brachial plexus
-Apex of lung -
Brachial Plexus
***KNOW NETTERS DIAGRAM*** -
-Formed from spinal nerves C5-T1
-5 roots (ventral rami of C5-T1)
-3 Trunks (upper, middle, lower)
-6 Divisions (3 anterior, 3 posterior)
-3 Cords
-6 Terminal Branches giving rise to 5 Terminal nerves (Musculocutaneous, Axillary, Radial, Median, Ulnar)