Science Vocabulary
Terms
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- convection
- convection is when heat is transfered by the movement of currents within a fluid
- pressure
- results from a force pressing on an area
- mantle
- a layer of hot rock
- fossil
- any trance of an ancient organism that has been preserved in rock
- Pangaea
- A supercontinent that later drifted apart
- convergent boundary
- the place where two plates get together, or converge
- transform boundary
- a place where two plates slip past each other moving in opposite directions
- convection current
- the flow that transfers heat within a fluid
- plate
- the sections that the lithosphere is broken into
- fault
- breaks in the Earth's crust where rocks have slipped through
- radiation
- the transfer of energy through space
- seismic waves
- things formed by earthquakes
- divergent boundary
- the location where two plates move apart, or diverge
- sea-floor spreading
- when a new rock is added to each side of the mid-ocean ridge
- plate tectonics
- a theory that say's pieces of Earth's lithosphere are in a slow, constant motion driven by convection currents in the mantle
- granite
- a rock that usually is a light color and has a coarse texture
- asthenosphere
- a soft layer beneath the lithosphere
- conduction
- conduction is heat transfer within a material or between materials that are touching
- rift valley
- a deep valley
- outer core
- a layer of molten metal that surrounds the inner core (a liquid)
- mid-ocean ridge
- a crack in the ocen where molten rock slips through to make sea-floor spreading
- inner core
- a dense ball of solid metal
- scientific theory
- a well tested topic that explains a wide range of observations
- basalt
- dark rock with a fine texture
- density
- a measure of how much mass there is in a volume of a substance
- sonar
- a device that bounces sound waves off underwater objects and then records the echoes of these sound waves
- deep-ocean trench
- a trench where the old rock goes to
- crust
- the layer of rock that forms Earth's outer skin
- continental drift
- Alfred Wegners hypothesis is that the continents have drifted apart
- subduction
- the name of the process
- lithosphere
- the upper most part of the mantle and the crust together that form a crust called the lithosphere