Science Test #2
Terms
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- asthenosphere
- partially melted rock
- convergent boundary
- plates move together, the edge of one plate moves down into the asthenosphere and is melted by high temperatures.
- seismic waves
- vibrations that travel through the Earth carrying the energy released during an earthquake.
- reverse fault
- a fault where the ground cracks as rocks are pushed together. one side slides up and over the other side to a higher level. compression causes this type of fault.
- Surface waves
- when P & S waves reach the surface; move slowly; shake building from side to side.
- strike-slip fault
- a fault where rocks break and a block of land moves sideways. shearing causes this type of fault.
- outer core
- iron and nickel
- plate tectonics
- theory scientists use to explain plate movements.
- transform fault boundary
- plates grind past each other without forming new crust or melting old crust
- S waves
- after P waves; called secondary waves; vibrate side to side and p and down; shake ground back and forth; when they reach the surface, they shake structure violently
- seismograph
- records ground movement and vibrations caused by seismic waves as they move through the Earth.
- normal fault
- a type of fault where the ground cracks as rocks are pulled apart. one side slides down to a lower level. tension causes this type of fault.
- inner core
- iron and solid
- crust
- made of granite, under oceans is made of denser basalt
- divergent boundary
- plates move apart, magma or molten rock from below Earth's surface oozes up forming new crust
- Earthquakes
- shaking and rumbling that results from the movement of rock beneath the Earth's surface.
- fault
- a crack or break in the Earth's crust where rocks have shifted. usually occur along plate boundaries.
- lithosphere
- cool, solid portion of the Earth
- mantle
- some mantle melted, mostly solid
- P waves
- first waves during and earthquake; called primary waves; compress and expands ground like and accordion