Oceanography-Chapter 1
Terms
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- What is the process by which green plants and other producers use light energy to make food?
- photosynthesis
- Why is visibility decreased the deeper you go in the ocean?
- the surface water absorbs much of the sunlight
- How do temperature and pressure change as you go deeper into the ocean?
- Temperature decreases, pressure increases
- What unit is water pressure measured in?
- pounds per square inch
- What do all food chains in the ocean start with?
- phytoplankton
- What are 3 examples of nekton?
- fish, squid, octopus, whale, porpoise
- What 2 factors affect the density of ocean water?
- temperature and salinity
- What are 3 examples of benthos?
- clams, starfish, oysters, mussels, crabs, seaweed, coral, barnacles
- What are tiny living creatures that float near the surface and drift with the currents?
- plankton
- What are the 6 main substances that make up about 99% of all the dissolved materials in ocean water?
- sodium chloride, magnesium sulfate, magnesium chloride, calcium chloride, potassium chloride, sodium bicarbonate
- What are all of the free-swimming animals that live in the ocean?
- nekton
- What are the plants and animals that live on the ocean floor?
- benthos
- What is the total amount of dissolved salts on ocean water?
- salinity
- What are substances that wash into the ocean but do not dissolve?
- sediments
- What is ocean water?
- A mixture of the compound water(H20) and several salts.
- What are animal-like plankton?
- zooplankton
- Where did the salt in the present day oceans come from?
- When rainwater flows over the land, it dissolves and carries away traces of salt. The rainwater drains into rivers and streams and empties into the oceans.
- What are plantlike plankton?
- phytoplankton
- What causes the condition called the bends in SCUBA divers?
- nitrogen builds up in their body tissues, which forms bubbles in their blood
- What does SCUBA stand for?
- Self-Contained Underwater Breathing Apparatus