rock and rock cycle
Terms
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- rock
- A solid mixture of crystals of one or more minerals or other materials
- composition
- The makeup of a rock; describes either the minerals or elements present in it
- texture
- The sizes, shapes and positions of the grains that a rock is made of
- Rock cycle
- The process by which one rock type changes into another rock type
- Sedimentary rock
- Rock that forms when sediments are compacted and cemented together
- strata
- Layers of sedimentary rock that form from the deposition of sediment
- stratification
- The layering of sedimentary rock
- Metamorphic rock
- Rock that forms when the texture and composition of preexisting rock changes due to heat or pressure
- foliated
- The texture of metamorphic rock in which the mineral grains are aligned like the pages of a book
- nonfoliated
- The texture of metamorphic rock in which mineral grains show no alignment
- magma
- The hot liquid that forms when rock partially or completely melts; may include mineral crystals
- Igneous rock
- Rock that forms from the cooling of magma
- Intrusive
- The type of igneous rock that forms when magma cools and solidifies beneath Earth’s surface
- Extrusive
- The type of igneous rock that forms when lava or pyroclastic material cools and solidifies on the Earth’s surface