Exam 1 Oxygenation
Terms
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- Adventitious Sounds
- Abnormal breath sounds heard over the lungs
- Antipyretic
- Agent that reduces fever
- Apical-Radial pulse rate
- Pulse rates counted simultaneously for a full minute at the apex of the heart and at the radial artery
- Apnea
- Absence of breathing
- Arrhythmia
- Irregular pattern of heart beat. Synonym for dysrhythmia
- Auscultation
- Listening for sounds within the body
- Blood pressure
- Force of blood against arterial walls
- Bigeminal pulse
- Pulse rhythm in which every two pulsations is followed by a pause
- Biot's respiration
- Respirations of the same depth followed by a period of apnea
- Bradycardia
- Abnormally slow rate of pulse. <60BPM
- Cardiac output
- Volume of blood pumped from the left ventricle per minute.
- Cheyne-Stokes respiration
- gradual increase and then decrease in depth of respirations followed by a period of apnea.
- Circadian rhythm
- Rhythm that completes a full cycle every 24 hours. synonym for diurnal rhythm.
- Conduction
- Transfer of heat to another object during direct contact
- Constant fever
- Body temperature that remains consistently elevated and fluctuates less than 2 degrees C. (3.5F). Sometimes called a continuous fever.
- Convection
- Dissemination of heat by motion between areas of unequal density.
- Core temperature
- Temperature of internal areas of the body.
- Crisis
- Point at which body temperature drops rapidly to normal.
- Diastolic pressure
- The least amount of pressure exerted on the arterial walls, which occurs when the heart is at rest between ventricular contractions.
- Dyspnea
- Difficult breathing
- Dysrhythmia
- Irregular patterns of heartbeat. Synonym for arrhythmia.
- Essential hypertension
- Abnormally elevated blood pressure with no known cause. Synonym for primary hypertension.
- Eupnea
- Normal respirations.
- Evaporation
- Conversion of a liquid to a vapor.
- Exhalation
- Act of breathing out. Synonym for expiration.
- External respiration
- Act of lung ventilation, O2 absorption and CO2 elimination
- Fever
- Elevation above the normal limit of body temperature. Synonym for pyrexia.
- Friction rub
- Crackling sounds heard in the chest cavity, caused by inflamed pleura rubbing against the chest wall.
- Homeothermic
- Ability to regulate and maintain body temperature, regardless of the environmental temperature.
- Hyperpyrexia
- High fever, above 41 degrees C (105.8F). CONVERSION: C temp X 9/5 + 32 = F temp
- Hypertension
- Blood pressure elevated above the upper limits of normal.
- Hypotension
- Blood pressure below the lower limits of normal.
- Hypothermia
- Body temperature below the lower limits of normal.
- Inhalation
- Act of breathing in. Synonym for inspiration.
- Inspiration
- Act of breathing in. Synonym for inhalation.
- Intermittent fever
- Body temperature that alternates between a period of fever and a period of normal or subnormal temperature.
- Internal respiration
- Act of using O2 by body cells. Synonym for tissue respiration.
- Korotkoff sounds
- Series of sounds that correspond to changes in blood flow as pressure is released.
- Lysis
- Gradual return of an elevated body temperature to normal.
- Meniscus
- Curved surface at the top of a column of liquid in a tube.
- Orthopnea
- Type of dyspnea in which breathing is easier when the patient sits or stands.
- Orthostatic hypotension
- Temporary fall in blood pressure associated with assuming an upright position. Synonym for postural hypotension.
- Palpitation
- Perception of one's own heart beat.
- Parallax
- Apparent change of position of an object when observed from two different angles.
- Peripheral resistance
- Restraint to blood flow created by arterial walls in a partial state of contraction.
- Poikilothermic
- Maintenance of body temperature at or near the temperature of the environment.
- Polypnea
- Fast respiration rate, synonym for tachypnea.
- Postural hypotension
- Temporary fall in blood pressure associated with assuming an upright position. Synonym for orthostatic hypotension.
- Premature beat
- Irregular rhythm in which a heartbeat occurs sooner than the pace at which previous ones were noted.
- Primary hypertension
- Abnormally elevated blood pressure with no known cause. Synonym for essential hypertension.
- Pulse
- Wave produced in the wall of an artery with each beat of the heart.
- Pulse deficit
- Difference between the apical and radial pulse rates.
- Pulse pressure
- Difference between systolic and diastolic pressure.
- Pyrexic
- Elevation above the upper limit of normal body temperature. Synonym for fever.
- Radiation
- Diffusion or dissemination of heat by electromagnetic waves
- Rales
- Abnormal lung sound described as crackling in nature.
- Relapsing fever
- Body temperature that returns to normal for at least a day after which fever returns.
- Remittent fever
- Body temperature that fluctuates several degrees above normal but does not reach normal between fluctuations.
- Respiration
- Act of breathing in and using oxygen in body cells.
- Rhonchi
- Abnormal, continuous sound characterized by a sonorous, dry, coarse sound heard over large airways. This sound may clear with coughing.
- Secondary hypertension
- Abnormally elevated blood pressure caused by known pathology.
- Set point
- The level at which the hypothalamus attempts to maintain body temperature.
- Sinoatrial node (S-A node)
- Tissue in the right atrium where the heartbeat originates. Also called the heart's pacemaker.
- Sphygmomanometer
- Instrument used for the indirect measurement of blood pressure.
- Stertorous breathing
- Noisy respirations (like snoring)
- Stridor
- Harsh, high-pitched sound usually heard on inspiration when upper airways become narrowed.
- Stroke volume
- Quantity of blood forced out of the left ventricle with each contraction.
- Systolic pressure
- Highest point of pressure on arterial walls when the ventricles contract.
- Tachycardia
-
Abnormally rapid heart rate,
> 100 BPM - Tachypnea
- Abnormally rapid rate of breathing.
- Temperature
- Refers to the hotness or coldness of a substance.
- Tissue respiration
- Act of using oxygen by body cells. Synonym for internal respiration.
- Vital signs
- Body temperature, pulse, respiratory rate, blood pressure (including SaO2 and pain level). Synonym for cardinal signs.
- Wheeze
- Continuous, high-pitched sounds heard over the small bronchial airways.